zooge ivory Elfenbein

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zooge 象牙 ivory, Elfenbein

The best-known item of ivory is maybe the
. Netsuke 根付 miniatur sculptures .
- Introduction -


. zoo 象 elephant, der Elefant .
- Introduction -


CLICK for more Daruma san from Ivory !


The international ivory trade
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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quote
Edo Zooge 江戸象牙 Edo Zoge, Ivory Carvings
Traditional Technologies and Techniques
1 - When shaping a piece of Edo Zoge (ivory carving), after both the development of a plan and the application of carver’s ink, the shape is roughly carved by hand using tools including saws and chisels, etc.
2 - The traditional techniques used (for both the finishing and patterning of ivory pieces) include 線彫り line carving, あらし模様彫り rough-patterned carving, 布目模様彫り textured-patterned carving, 平彫り flat carving, 芝山彫り Shibayama carving (the use of inlays), and 透かし彫り open-work carving.
3 - When ivory pieces are jointed, the following techniques are used:
① はぎ合せは Matching and doweling techniques are used when carving stationary pieces.
② 撥（ばち） When working with ivory that has undergone bachiru coloring (a traditional coloring technique), jointing is done using a cementing agent.
4 - 磨き Polishing techniques use トクサ scouring rushes, the leaves of the ムクの葉 muku tree and 角の粉 angular powder, etc.
5 - The dyeing of colors into ivory involves the use of natural dyeing agents such as yashabushi (green alder), etc.



■Traditionally Used Raw Materials
象牙 Ivory

■History and Characteristics
In that ivory possesses a smooth texture, beautiful luster, the subtleness of vein patterning and ideal hardness; it offers everything that is required of a superior material for traditional crafts. As such, since ancient times it has been highly-prized in both Eastern and Western cultures.

In Ancient Egypt, ivory created opulent furniture and personal ornaments; in Ancient Greece and Rome, it was the material from which countless deity statues were fashioned. Ivory also has a rich usage tradition in China. With large volumes imported by China from India and Thailand during the thriving commerce of the Sui and Tang Dynasties, ivory was a material that came to be loved by the ruling classes, it being employed by the Chinese to create decorative furniture among other forms.

Based on ivory pieces held by the 正倉院 Shoso-in (the treasure house of the Todai-ji Temple in Nara Prefecture), it can be understood that Chinese carving techniques were conveyed to Japan during the Nara Period (710-794). Within the Shoso-in collection, there is a 儀礼用の物差し rule (a scepter) used in religious ceremonies that features intricate ivory carvings. There are also 琵琶の撥 Biwa (Japanese lute) plectrums, and stones for the 碁石 board game of go, etc., all of which have been fashioned from ivory.

Furthermore, in that the Shoso-in also possesses samples of unprocessed ivory (in its natural state), it is possible to appreciate that processing and the creation of ivory pieces was also conducted in Japan in ancient times.

To explain what ivory is, it represents the grown tusks of elephants, with large examples being three to four meters in length, and sometimes weighing between 40 to 60 kilograms. The tusks of female elephants tend to be narrow and long, while the tusks of males are both strong and thick.

It is said that ivory product manufacture in Japan commenced with spoons and other accoutrements (such as container covers used in the tea ceremony). During the middle of the Edo Period (1603-1868), ivory pieces came to be widely used, with items such as netsuke, 髪飾 hair ornaments and 三味線撥 samisen plectrums, etc., coming into use.
This resulted in ivory being loved by people of many different classes from the samurai to the townsfolk of Edo.

Tokyo Ivory Arts and Crafts Association
source : sangyo-rodo.metro.tokyo.jp/shoko


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. . . CLICK here for Photos !
. Reference : ivory japan .

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .


................................................................................. Toyama 富山県
柳町 Yanagimachi

If the bones of a fish get stuck in the throught, you have to rub a piece of ivory on the neck from outside. Then say the 呪文 special spell:
nadesaru nadesaru ナデサレ、ナデサレ rub and go away, rub and go away


................................................................................. Yamanashi 山梨県
白州町 Hakushu

Once there was a thief in Matsubayashi. When he came to the house of Grandma, she looked for her 象牙のかんざし hairpin of ivory to chase him away, And he left fast.
A hairpin from ivory is a powerful amulet to ward off evil.


CLICK for more photos !

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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -

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zooge no hashi 象牙の箸 ivory chopsticks



野分あと象牙の箸の重きこと
nowaki ato zooge no hashi no omoki koto

after the typhoon -
the ivory chopsticks
feel so heavy

Nakamura Akiko 中村明子


水飯や象牙の箸を鳴らしけり 吾空
豆飯や長寿の父の象牙箸 高橋悦男
湯豆腐に添へてひそかや象牙箸 久米正雄
煮こごりや夫の象牙の箸づかひ 及川 貞
煮凝や象牙の箸の父あらば 伊丹さち子
煮鮑に厄日の象牙箸重き 長谷川かな女
銀の匙象牙の箸やクリスマス 太田育子
露の夜の象牙の箸に儒者がいる 渋谷道

. hashi, ohashi, o-hashi　お箸 chopsticks .

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zooge no too 象牙の塔 tour d'ivor, ivory tower, Elfenbeinturm



塩鰯啖つて象牙の塔を去らず 竹下しづ
亀鳴くと夕べ象牙の塔を鎖す 佐伯哲草
象牙の塔夜に入りて雪限りなし 鈴木六林男
結氷の象牙の塔にうずくまる 八木三日女

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zooge no in 象牙の印 name seal, stamp



鳥雲に象牙の印の尻滑らか 田川飛旅子

指で磨く御用始めの象牙印 岡本六弥太

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zoogegushi 象牙櫛 ivory comb



如月やみどりいろして象牙櫛
kisaragi ya midori-iro shite zoogegushi

second lunar month -
the ivory comb looks
a bit green

影島智子 Kageshima Tomoko

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zooge no chooshinki 象牙の聴診器 ivory stethoskop



花冷や吾に象牙の聴診器

水原春郎

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象牙婚 ivory wedding anniversary after 14 years



象牙婚孔雀まで来て春日浴ぶ
松山足羽

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- reference : haikureikudb -

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. Regional Folk Toys from Japan .

. Japan - Shrines and Temples .


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Kawara ningyo tile dolls

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Tile Dolls 瓦人形 kawara ningyoo They are made from the same material as roof tiles and fired for finishing. The most famous are the Fushimi clay dolls 伏見人 from Kyoto. . Fushimi Clay Dolls 伏見土人形 . In Yamagata, the dolls from Tsuruoka are a bit larger, the one's from Sakata are usually smaller. They are made by pressing the clay around a doll form by hand (nukigata 抜き型) Apart from the one's in Yamagata and Fushimi, there are the following types: ................................................................................................................................................................. Imado ningyoo 今戸人形 dolls from Imado made by 吉田義和 Yoshida Yoshikazu marushime no neko 丸〆の猫 / 丸〆猫 / manekineko 招き猫 the lucky cat from Imado Imado is located close to Asakusa in Tokyo. The clay was taken from the river Sumidagawa to produce cheap toys for the children of Edo. The last craftsman to produce these dolls was Owariya Harukichi 尾張屋春吉 who died in 1944. Now made by 白井 Imado-yaki Shrai. . . . CLICK here for Photos ! Imado yaki 今戸焼　 Imado ware quote Imado Shrine 今戸神社, Imado jinja is a Japanese shrine located in Imado where north part of Tokyo Asakusa. It is one of the Shichifukujin (七福神) Shines of Asakusa, and enshrined Fukurokuju (福禄寿). The history of the shrine begins at 1063 by Yoshitomo Minamoto and Yoshiie Minamoto. It is very famous for the birth place of fortune cat (招き猫, manekineko), and last place of Soji Okita (沖田総司), the greatest samurai warrior of Shinsengumi (新撰組). Now, it is well known as good luck shrine for love and marriage. There are many good luck items for love and marriage with fortune cat. Imado Ware (Imado Yaki) Imado ware made in what is now called Imado in Taito city, was one of the most popular type of earthernware fo vessels and figures during the Edo period. The Pedestals of the guardian dogs at the Imado Shrine, carry the names of Imado potters and the date of 1752 when these figures were presented. Imado ware was said to have originated at the beginning of the Edo period, however it was not until the endo of the 18th Century that it was given the name of Imado ware. As a result, it can be presumed that Imado ware was already being produced full scale during the first half of the 18th Century. THe production of old fashioned roof tiles flourished along the banks of Sumida River. This production of Imado ware was depicted in "Edo Meisyo Zue" and in "Sumidagawa Choryu Zukan" currently being held at The British Museum. In recent years, excavations at the ruins of Edo have uncovered earthenware vessels and dolls carrying names of potters of Imado ware and also roof tiles with the impressed seal of Imado. The Great Kanto Earthquake and WWII Tokyo air raids forced almost all potters to move out of Taito city, leaving only one family, which still produces earthenware dolls of traditional figures. These include "maneki neko" know as fortune cats and "Kuchi ire kitsune" know as good life foxes. Last place of Soji Okita This shrine is also known as the last place of Soji Okita who is one of the most popular and strongest Sumurai in the Edo period. He was the team leader of 1st party of Shinsengumi. When he was suffering from tuberculosis, he was curing at this temple. However, he died because of that. It was great irony that the greatest samurai who never lost by sword fighting could never get over with his disease. Fukurokuju is the one of the enshrined god in this shrine. Fukurokuju is one of the Seven Lucky God in Japan. When you are in Asakusa, visit all Seven shrines and temple where enshrined each gods. This god brings you the happiness and long life. Enshrined God: Emperor Ojin, Izanaginomikoto, Izanaminomikoto and Fukurokuju. Pray for: Good luck for love and marriage (enmusubi). source : mustlovejapan.com source : kyoudoningyou/imado... Hotei 布袋 . ryooen manekineko 良縁招き猫 beckoning cat for a good match from Imado shrine . . tookooshi 陶工師 Tokoshi, potters in Edo . . Hashiba 橋場 Hashiba district, "place with a bridge" and Imado . ....................................................................... 北斎 『繪本東都遊』　Katsushika Kanda Imado 今戸里 Imado district in Kanda A harbour on the Western side of 隅田川 the Sumida river. .................................................................................................................................................................. Koga ningyoo 古賀人形 dolls from Koga Nagasaki They have a tradition of more than 400 years. quote The Koga ningyo doll, along with the Fushimi ningyo doll of Kyoto and Tsutsumi ningyo doll of Sendai, is considered one of the three finest Japanese fire clay dolls. The Koga ningyo doll has ancient origins, and some believe it was made during the Genroku period in the Edo era. Several hundred such dolls existed in the old days, but today only about half remain due to breakage, weathering, and neglect from years of lack of use. These dolls feature bold colors and the rich expressions of animal faces; however, today one can see only familiar dolls such as a Western woman with a child, a Dutch doll with a gun, and a Chinese doll holding a chicken. These dolls are plentiful and create the exotic atmosphere of Nagasaki. Today, only one workshop is continuing the tradition of simple handmade dolls source : www.at-nagasaki.jp source :　folkcraft.samurai47.com/cat Acha san 阿茶さん Portugese from Nagasaki - quote Nagasaki is an exotic and a romantic city. . . . The first Europeans to arrive in Nagasaki were the Portuguese, who brought in their colorful culture. But with the oppression of Christianity, the effect of this culture soon died out. Soon the Dutch Trade Mission in Hirato moved to Nagasaki and the Dutch culture grew to full bloom. But it was the Chinese who left the most effect on Nagasaki culture, since they were also there when the Portuguese and Dutch were there. The people of Nagasaki called them Acha-san as a sign of affiiliation. - source : hometown.infocreate.co.jp/en Recipe for Achara Zuke 阿茶羅漬け pickled turnips (from the Portugese acharl - source : www.orientalfood.com . . . CLICK here for Photos ! ....................................................................... tori daki saru　鶏抱き猿 monkey embracing a rooster niwatori saru にわとり猿 monkey and chicken source :　rakuten.co.jp/keyaki Koga dolls include a lot of animals. Some combinations of animals are not seen in other regions. Like a monkey embracing a chicken (rooster) or riding on a monkey. The monkey is an auspicious animals (saru 去る to make bad luck go away). torisaru　鶏猿 - 取り去る to go away (of bad luck) is especially auspicious. ....................................................................... - CLICK for more samples ! - . O-kage mairi お陰参り "Thanks pilgrimage" . "blessing pilgrimages," to the shrine in Ise, 伊勢参り Ise mairi ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: . Wakayama Folk Art - 和歌山県 . Wakayama town 和歌山市 kawara ganguu 瓦玩具 clay toys from rooftile clay source : mainichi.jp/articles 栗林八幡瓦猿 / 若宮八幡宮 clay monkeys from Hachiman Shrines They are a amulet for easy birth (安産の祈願 anzan). These dolls have provided some income for the rooftile makers of the region and have a religious background. The monkey is the messenger of various shrines. 牛は草を喰うので、瘡を草に掛けて、瓦牛で腫れ物を撫でながら「くさ喰え、くさ喰え」と唱える。 source : asahi-net.or.jp - vc3k-nrm/gang The bull is from 深草神社 Fukakusa Jinja, 津秦天満宮 Tsuwada Tenmangu and other Shrines ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Two samples from Yamagata　山形　 children with a drum Ebisu and Daikoku, Gods of Good Luck Tsuruoka 鶴岡　and Shonai region 庄内 . . . CLICK here for more Photos ! . Folk Toys from Yamagata. . Kawara　瓦　roof tiles . - quote Kawarashi (Tiler town) 瓦師（かわらし） The area of today's 墨田区吾妻橋 Azumabashi 1-3 chōme, Sumida Ward was known as 中之郷瓦町 Nakanogō Kawara-chō (Tiler town) from the Edo period until 1930. There were many tilers' houses and a great many of the residents made a living from tiling. . source - Tokyo Metropolitan Library . :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: . . . CLICK here for Photos ! . Reference .

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. Shichi-Fukujin　七福神 Seven Gods of Good Luck -
Ebisu, Daikoku . . .


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ningyoobue hatobue

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Doll Flutes 人形笛　ningyoobue、ningyoo no fue, ningyobue

fue ningyoo 笛人形
tsuchibue, tsuchi fue 土笛 clay flute

These are little clay dolls or pottery dolls in the form of dolls or legendary figures.　There is quite a large repertoir of these dolls.

They are given to children as a talisman for good health.


They have a little mouthpiece at the back and make a simple sound

boo, boo, boo . . .

There are also flutes of this kind with animals, especially the 12 zodiac animals. The most famous is the
hatobue はと笛　/ 鳩笛　 pidgeon whistle, dove flute
see below

. Ozaki no ningyobue 尾崎の人形笛 flute in human form . Fukuoka

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Shitakawara yaki Tsuchiningyoo 下川原焼土人形
clay dolls from Shitakawara village
in Aomori, Hirosaki 弘前　 town.

quote
These dolls appeared in 1810, when Tsugaru Yasuchika, the 9th lord of the Hirosaki domain, invited a potter Takaya Kinzo from the Chikuzen region of Kyushu. A kiln was then prepared for him at Shitakawara, where he produced daily necessities. As it snowed heavily in winter, potters could not make pottery during this time. Then Kinzo created earthenware dolls when he had no work to do, hence the beginning of the earthenware dolls in Shitakawara.



In the making of this doll, red earth and sand are mixed together to form clay, which is put into a plaster to shape the doll. It is then fired at high temperature for several hours, and then painted to create the finished design. Shitakawara dolls features
three colors of yellow, purple and red, which are applied on the pure white base color.
The pigeon whistles and the dolls of zodiac figurines, warriors and Manekineko (Lucky Cats) are famous. All are made in the traditional hand-making techniques that have been handed down for a long time.
source : nippon-kichi

. yurayura hatobue ゆらゆら鳩笛 .
Made by Abo san 阿保正志.

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Another kiln to make them is

Abo Masashi 阿保正志
青森県弘前市大字新里字上樋田

quote
A great page for figure flutes

Shitakawara Tsuchiningyoo 下川原焼土人形



盃・傘女・筆持ち・ 子守り・犬斜め・犬たて / 獅子舞・蛸・俵・纏い
source : tesigotosenka blog


. menbue, men no fue 面笛 masks as clay whistles .
from Aomori

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Daruma and the Doll Flute
弘前人形笛達磨


Copyright(C) 2004　大阪府立中之島図書館　
All rights reserved.

source : ningyodo.library.pref.osaka.jp


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. . . CLICK here for Photos !

. Reference .


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There is also a book of female haiku writers, called

Ningyoobue 人形笛 (1982年) Doll Flute
(現代俳句女流シリーズ)


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hatobue 鳩笛 pidgeon whistle, pidgeon flute

It sounds a bit like an Okarina, with a simple sound like
fuu fuu, poo poo

These toys are made in many parts of Japan. They are enjoyed by small children, who can blow these whistles endlessly.

As a talisman, it helps prevent damage to the harvest crops by insects.
It is also a protector of small children to stop them from choking.

In all shrineｓd dedicated to Hachiman the doves are kept as sacred animals messengers of the deity.

. The Hachiman cult of Japan 八幡神社 .

It the town of Agano, Niigata, there are dove whistles made by the Yamaguchi family.



The clay body is painted white with gofun 胡粉 whitewash,　and colored in red, blue and orange. Some have a blue had, some a white one.

. Yamaguchi clay toy 山口人形 .

Niigata, Agano city. Mizuhara village 新潟県阿賀野市水原


. cooing like a pigeon, hatobue 鳩笛 .
dove, pidgeon as KIGO


. Kagoshima Jingu 鹿児島神宮 Kagoshima Shrine .
with an old pidgeon whistle


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Tsuruoka Hachimangu no hatobue 鶴岡八幡宮の鳩笛
... pidgeon whistle from shrine Hachimangu

. Kanagawa Folk Art - 神奈川県 .

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鳩笛 テテップウ Teteppuu、

. Saga Folk Art - 　佐賀県　 .

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shirako hatobue しらこ鳩笛 / 白子鳩笛 white pidgeon flute

. Saitama Folk Art - 埼玉県 .

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source : popeye.sakura.ne.jp/tochigi...

Sano hatobue 佐野鳩笛 dove flute from Sano city
Tochigi

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hatobue from Toyohashi 愛知県豊橋市 Aichi

. Hatobue . . in this BLOG .


tsuchi no fue 土の笛 all kinds of clay flutes - reference
- source : kyoudogangu.xii.jp -

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吹いて見せて児に吹けるのは鳩の笛
fuite misete ko ni fukeru no wa hato no fue

I blow to show it
and let my child blow it -
this pidgeon whistle

. Ogiwara Seisensui (荻原井泉水) .

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夕けぶり鳩吹人にかかりけり
yuu keburi hato fuku hito ni kakari keri

evening smoke--
on the man playing pigeon flute
it hangs
Tr. David Lanoue

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evening smoke covers
a hunter hand-whistling
low cooing sounds
Tr. Chris Drake

This grimly humorous hokku is from the 24th of the 9th month (Nov. 1) in 1809, when Issa was traveling around to see poets living near his hometown. The note in the first volume of Issa's complete works (p. 513) and numerous Japanese dictionaries and works on haikai point out that hato-fuku means to cup your palms together and blow into the small opening between your thumbs so as to make sounds that resemble the cooing of doves and pigeons.

Traditionally mountain people in Japan practiced hand-whistling to help them communicate, and hunters used hand-whistling not only to fool doves and other birds but also, more commonly, to signal each other in complex ways while they were tracking deer and other animals. In this hokku some hunters seem to have been cooking supper or perhaps are keeping warm around a fire, but the wind shifts, and smoke from the fire blows over and envelops one hunter who is busy hand-whistling dove calls, perhaps sending a coded message to some comrades out in the dark. Inhaled smoke causes the hunter to make sounds very different from any sounds ever made by a dove. Issa presumably sees this as karmic justice.

There are some valuable hand-whistling tutorials on Youtube. It can be rather complex at the highest level and difficult to master. In Issa's time most children played instead with small painted clay flutes in the shape of pigeons/doves that made sounds resembling cooing, among other sounds. The sounds made by human hands and by clay instruments are different, however, and the two need to be clearly distinguished. Gabi has up some nice pictures of these clay toy flutes and charm flutes.

Chris Drake

. WKD : Kobayashi Issa 小林一茶 in Edo .


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. tsurushibina つるし雛 / 吊るし雛 small hanging hina dolls .



The dove as the messenger of God Hachiman. It is added with the wish for the child to grow up happily.




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Tomobiki Ningyo

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Tomobiki Ningyo 友引人形 doll to put in a coffin funeral doll Tomobiki, lit. "to draw friends toward you" is a day in the Chinese calendar according to the onmyodo 陰陽道 philosophy. 友引, also read as yuuin It reminded the people of Edo of the sound of yuuren 留連（りゅうれん）reluctant to leave On this day of tomobiki, your own bad luck will affect your friends. If a person dies on this day, relatives put a special doll into the coffin to take on the bad luck and accompany his soul instead of real friends. In that way these dolls work as a kind of migawari 身代わり personal substitute. source :　ceremony Here is a small wooden doll on the coffin. . . . CLICK here for Photos ! Ichimatsu ningyo dolls 市松人形 were also put into a coffin. . Ichimatsu Ningyoo 市松人形　Ichimatsu dolls . Especially when a women died during the New Year festivities, tomobiki dolls were put on her coffin. It could be dolls that were in the family possession for a long time, dolls liked by the women or special dolls for this purpose, often little Jizo Bosatsu figures. Nowadays photos of her family are also put into the coffin to prevent her from feeling lonely in the other world. .................................................................................................................................................................. Fushimi Clay Dolls 伏見土人形 More RED dolls as Fushimi clay dolls 伏見土人形 source :　hushimi ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: quote The rokuyō (六曜) rokuyoo, rokuyo are a series of six days that supposedly predict whether there will be good or bad fortune during that day. The rokuyō are still commonly found on Japanese calendars and are often used to plan weddings and funerals, though most people ignore them in ordinary life. The rokuyō are also known as the rokki (六輝). In order, they are: 先勝 Senshō Good luck before noon, bad luck after noon. Good day for beginnings (in the morning). 友引 Tomobiki Bad things will happen to your friends. Funerals avoided on this day (tomo = friend, biki = pull, thus a funeral might pull friends toward the deceased). Typically crematoriums are closed this day. 先負 Senbu Bad luck before noon, good luck after noon. 仏滅 Butsumetsu Symbolizes the day Buddha died. Considered the most unlucky day. Weddings are best avoided. Some Shinto shrines close their offices on this day. 大安 Taian The most lucky day. Good day for weddings and events like shop openings. 赤口 Shakkō The hour of the horse (11 am–1 pm) is lucky. The rest is bad luck. The rokuyō days are easily calculated from the Japanese Lunisolar calendar. Lunisolar January 1 is always senshō, with the days following in the order given above until the end of the month. Thus, January 2 is tomobiki, January 3 is senbu, and so on. Lunisolar February 1 restarts the sequence at tomobiki. Lunisolar March 1 restarts at senbu, and so on for each month. The last six months repeat the patterns of the first six, so July 1 = senshō, December 1 is shakkō and the moon-viewing day of "August 15th" is always a "butsumetsu." This system did not become popular in Japan until the end of the Edo period. ©　More in the WIKIPEDIA ! ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: O-Jizo sama is also used as a companion in the coffin. . Jizoo Bosatsu (Kshitigarbha) 地蔵菩薩 . ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: tomobiki dolls - how many do we need for Tohoku ? . Japan after the BIG earthquake March 11, 2011 ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: quote Korean tradition represented by cultural exhibit of funeral dolls, ceramics Historic, contemporary Korean traditions are represented by artistic celebrations of daily life . The commemoration of death through art does not typically call to mind a vivid array of colors, the hint of a smile or the notion of a joyful dance. Even so, the “Korean Funerary Figures: Companions for the Journey to the Other World” exhibit at the Fowler Museum do just that. These funeral dolls, known as “kkoktu,” are meant to represent the Korean culture’s notion that happiness must pervade the dead as they enter the next world. ... According to Kim, unlike other cultures that sought to honor only the deaths of the wealthiest, Korean culture used the kkoktu as a part of ordinary life. Thus, some of the figurines are depicted in the typical costumes and poses of Korean village life, while other, more mystical creatures and acrobats represent Korean traditions. source : www.dailybruin.com, August 2010 Korean Funerary Figures: Companions for the Journey to the Other World Koreans have a tradition of creating charming and festively painted wooden dolls. But rather than being placed in a toy box, these joyful figurines of clowns, tigers and acrobats adorn coffins. See seventy-four Korean funeral dolls, known as kkoktu most carved in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuriesand learn about their rich cultural and spiritual meaning. Their costumes and poses reflect the realities of rural Korean village life during a period for which few written records remain. More importantly, the kkoktu are a window on a timeless, characteristically Korean attitude towards death. Though the kkoktus gaiety seems incongruous with mourning, they express a cultures deep desire that the dead enter the next world surrounded by joy and its appreciation of the fleeting nature of all experience. Fowler Museum at UCLA, August 15, 2010 - November 28, 2010 source : www.experiencela.com

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Tomobiki dolls for children, so as NOT to take any of their friends alive with them.
. Akakeshi 赤芥子 Red Poppies Dolls .


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Akakeshi Dolls Miyagi

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. Miyagi Folk Art - 宮城県 民芸　 .
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Akakeshi 赤芥子 Red Poppies Dolls These little clay dolls help children to stay healthy. Red is the color to ward off diseases, especially smallpox. They are a type of Tsutsumi Ningyo dolls 堤人形, similar to the Matsukawa Daruma dolls. They come as a pair, little boy and girl, sitting down, with soft curves of their little bodies. source : popyah In some regions of Miyagi, they are also venerated at the toilet as benjo no kamisama 便所の守り神, deity of the toilet. In some regions they are believed to bring a marriage partner and help having children. 縁談や子授け祈願 To pray for the good health of children, people offered a pair to the local shrine or temple, when a baby was born. 子供の無病息災 They are a typical example of "dolls for faith" shinkoo ningyoo 信仰人形 On the other hand, they have been used to "take along a friend" tomobiki ningyoo 友引人形 and put in a coffin in case a child had died. In this case, their reputation is not very good. But many say, this is just the opposite, that you should NOT take along friends on the trip to the other world. . Tomobiki Ningyo 友引人形 doll to put in a coffin Akakeshi dolls are a kind of kokeshi and known in many parts of Tohoku. They can be made of wood too. ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: source :　bingom.exblog.jp A pair of Toilet God Dolls トイレの神様 Kanazawa no benjo no kami san 金沢の便所の神サン ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: red poppy dolls sit alone by the beach - dead children of Tohoku . Japan after the BIG earthquake March 11, 2011 ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Tsutsumi ningyoo 堤人形 Tsutsumi dolls This naming has been introduced in the Showa period. Before that they were called ohinakko, o-hinakko　おひなっこ (little Hina dolls). Most of the themes are about the seasonal festivals for Girls in March and Boys in May. - quote - A thirteenth generation craftsman produces beautiful dolls through build-to-order manufacturing. Tsutsumi dolls are made out of clay and developed in Sendai. It attracts viewers with its beautiful figures like the Hina doll (female doll for girls’ festival), with the elegant smile, or a Kabuki actor striking a pose. The doll originated in Tsutsumicho, Sendai, a well-known pottery town. During the wintertime, soil became frozen and ceramists could not make pottery, so they started to color unglazed Tsutsumi dolls. In the Edo period, Sendai clan’s 4th feudal lord, Tsunamura Date (1659 - 1719), invited ceramist Mannemon Kamimura from Edo (present day Tokyo) for a visit. Manemon suggested improvements and refined the crafting of the Tsutsumi doll. From 1804 to 1830, the popularity of the Tsutsumi doll prospered, and it was considered one of the two major clay dolls, along with the Fushimi doll from Kyoto, among others such as the Hanamaki doll in Iwate and Miharu doll in Fukushima. One of the big characteristics of the Tsutsumi doll is the use of the color red. Craftsmen in the Edo period finished dyeing a doll using imported sappan wood, which had been difficult to obtain in Japan under the closed‐door policy. Craftsmen do not use sappan wood nowadays, and instead use dyes, which last longer and creates the impressive bright red on Tsutsumi dolls. The Ukiyo-e (Japanese woodblock prints and paintings produced between the 17th and the 20th centuries) like dolls made Tsutsumi dolls famous and flourish during the Edo period. Craftsmen used their skill to make dolls with expressions on the modeled faces of Kabuki actors, Sumo wrestlers and Oiran courtesans on Ukiyo-e print, that appeared very life-like. Besides these kinds of motifs, there were other various styles of Tsustumi dolls created such as the Inari (god of harvests, later worshipped as the guardian deity of an area), or a pair of stone guardian dogs (placed at the gate or in front of a Shinto shrine), or a Hina doll representing the folk belief. In addition, the unglazed and unpainted with dye doll seemed to be loved as a toy and a teething ring for babies. Tsutsumi dolls were not as expensive like other Japanese dolls, so even common people could get them anytime. With the change of the lifestyle, the Tsutsumi doll has gradually disappeared from current living scenes. However, the Tsutsumi doll still manages to attract new fans with its sweetness. The craftsman at “Haga Tsutsumi Doll Workshop” is the thirteenth generation since Bunka period (1804~1818), to continue to make the doll and he still produces it by special build-to-order manufacturing without wholesale to the department stores, and there seems to be no end to the inquiries from collectors. There will always be people that love the Tsutsumi dolls. 3-30-10 Tsutsumimachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi / Haga Tsutsumi Doll Workshop - source : tetotetote-sendai.jp - .............................................................................................................................................. source :　folkcraft.samurai47.com Tanikaze Kajinosuke 谷風梶之助 from Mutsu 陸奥 A famous Sumo wrestler name. The second Tanikaze lived from 1750 - 1795. He had won 22 competitions in Edo. source : upp.so-net.ne.jp/kyoudoningyou/hanamaki... 力士谷風 - 花巻人形 Hanamaki doll, Iwate 「江戸大関谷風梶之輔」Sumô Wrestler Tanikaze Kajinosuke, Ôzeki source : mfa.org/collections/object... . Tanikaze and 大童山文五郎 Daidôzan Bungorô . . Sumo　相撲 　Sumo wrestling toys . .............................................................................................................................................. Another famous theme is the taki nobori, takinobori 滝のぼり climbing up a waterfall Tsutsumi Mud doll - Koinobori Carp s climb in waterfall . koi 鯉 carp dolls and amulets . .............................................................................................................................................. 達磨担ぎお福 Two O-Fuku carrying Daruma san This is a special auspicious combination. . Otafuku, O-Tafuku, O-Fuku お多福 . . karako 太鼓打ち唐子 Chinese child beating the drum . - More Tsutsumi dolls on this page: - reference source : 堤人形 www007.upp.so-net.ne.jp/kyoudoningyou... - 一人舞 // 熊抱え金時 // 敦盛 天神 // 内裏雛 // 獅子頭持ち 三番叟 // 花魁 // 子守 // 子連れ 獅子頭持ち boy with lion-head mask

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. Poppies and Haiku .

. Matsukawa Dolls from Sendai - 仙台の松川だるま


. The Toilet and its Deity
kawaya no kami 厠の神 // benjogami 便所神


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