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Showing posts with label Nagasaki. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Nagasaki. Show all posts

5/29/2015

Legends red cow akaushi

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. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .
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Legends about the Red Cow, Red Bull 赤牛と伝説 aka-ushi, akaushi
akage no oushi (o-ushi) 赤毛の牡牛 a Bull with red hair


akaushi no yookai 赤牛の妖怪 monster red bull
oni wa akaushi 鬼は赤牛 a demon is the red bull


「緑牛」の正体 ? and what about the green bull ?

I have come across some legends about cows, but the special mention of color, like the RED, GREEN or BLACK cow
. . must have some deeper meaning.
Sometimes the red cow is the "ike no nushi" 池の主の赤牛  master of the pond.
Still trying to find that out. Any help is welcome.
Some sources say it was the malaria.

Gabi Greve, May 2015

- Part 2 -
. Legends about the Black Cow, Black Bull  黒牛と伝説 kuro-ushi, kuroushi .


. Legends about animals 動物と伝説 .
- Introduction of cow legends -


. ushi oni, ushioni, gyuuki 牛鬼 "bull-demon" ox ogre .
a monster in the pandemonium of Western Japan.




quote
Akaushi (赤牛, あか牛  roughly meaning "red cow")
is a Japanese Wagyū breed of cattle. The beef produced by Akaushi cattle is richly marbled with fat and produces a very tender, flavorful, and expensive variety of steak which is used in Kobe restaurants.
Beef
originally carrying the title of "Kobe beef" were simply cattle from herds in the Kobe area of Japan, and could be any of four breeds of Wagyu cattle: the Akaushi (Japanese Red), the Kuroushi (Japanese Black), the Japanese Polled and the Japanese Shorthorn.
The Akaushi
is a Japanese breed of cattle actually created by a government project that included as many as 150 scientists at one point and spanned more than 50 years. The story goes that these cattle were considered the property of the Japanese government and they were never to leave the Japanese islands.
Currently,
the largest purebred group of Wagyū outside Japan is a herd of Akaushi cattle located in Harwood, Texas, owned by HeartBrand Beef. It was raised from a Japanese imported herd of 11 which was guarded by off-duty Texas Rangers to protect from interbreeding for over 12 years until the herd grew to over 5,000 cattle.
The meat
contains high concentrations of oleic acid, a heart-healthy fatty acid. Akaushi beef has a high ratio of monounsaturated to saturated fats.
source : wikipedia

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- Now let us go back to the past and enjoy some legends about "red cows".
Since most farmers in former times used cows for the field work, I use that translation.
Oxen and bulls were kept by specialized farmers for breeding.



from the Mooo bar, Shiraishi Island, Japan

. Buddha Statues and Cows (Bulls, Oxen) .


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- ABC - List of Red Cow legends from the Prefectures

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. . . . . . . . . . Fukushima 福島県

aka-beko, aka beko, akabeko 赤べこ a red cow
protecting from smallpox, like Daruma



aka-beko, aka beko 赤べこ
The most important of the Aizu Papermachee Dolls is the Red Oxen, Akabeko. The red color is auspicious for warding off illnesses. Many papermachee dolls of the Aizu area are called "Red Things" (akamono) for this reason.
Red things are also good luck symbols for childrearing.



. ushi 丑 ox, oxen (cow, bull, calf) amulets .

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. . . . . . . . . . Kagawa 香川県 

Once uopon a time
an old woman was on her way back from a pilgrimage to Konpira san and walked through the valley 五重谷, when a red cow came running after her. The old woman became quite scared and thought this must be a monster, so she hid in the forest. The red cow eventually disappeared, but to pray for its soul people built a small statue of Jizo Bosatsu at this spot.

. Konpira Daigongen . 金毘羅大権現 .

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. . . . . . . . . . Kagoshima 鹿児島県

日置郡 Hioki gun 山町 Yamamachi

Way back in the mountanis of the hamlet there is the top of an old five-storied stone pagoda 五輪塔, called ガラン Garan. It is not allowed for women to go there and other villagers may only come during the special ritual days. There are 16 powerful deities venerated here and they use the red bull.
Recently a five-storied pagoda has been dug out below the Garan, but the man who did it became a terrible headache. So this one too is venerated in the Garan now.

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. . . . . . . . . . Miyagi 宮城県

亘理町 Watari

When 伊達成実 Date Shigesane (1568 - 1646) built the castle, he had a red bull burried alive in the wall as a protector deity. On a special prayer hill in the South of his living quarters he planted a keyaki ケヤキ zelkova tree, but whoever would use its branches for firewood was cursed.



Watarijoo 亘理城 Watari Jo Castle


There are other castles or a samurai residences with a red bull burried alive (臥牛城 gagyuujoo) in Miyagi,
for example
登米郡登米町寺池の伊達氏登米館 - Date residence in Tome gun - Teraike Jo 寺池城
角田市の石川氏角田館 - Ishikawa residence in Kakuda town, 角田城 Kakuda Jo
玉造郡岩出山町の伊達氏岩出山城 - Date residence in Tamatsukuri gun - Iwadeyama Jo
柴田郡川崎町平沢の高野氏平沢館 - Takano residence in Shibata gun - Hirazawa Yakata
柴田郡川崎町,川崎城,川崎要害- Kawasaki castle, Kawasaki Yogai Stronghold

gagyuujoo, fushiushijoo 臥牛城(がぎゅうじょう、ふしうしじょう)gagyujo, fushiushijo -
Fushiushi Castle "Lying ox castle" - in Japan:

駒ヶ嶺城 (福島県相馬郡新地町)- Komagamine Jo castle, Fukushima
大森城 (福島県福島市)- Omori Jo castle, Fukushima
結城城 (茨城県結城市)- Yūki- Yuki Jo castle, Ibaraki

水沢城 (岩手県奥州市、大休城とも)- Mizuzawa Jo castle, Iwate
source : japan-iwate.info

岡城 (大分県竹田市)- Oka Jo castle, Oita
source : okacastleruins

烏山城 (栃木県那須烏山市)- Karasuyama- Jo castle, Tochigi
source : Karasuyama-castle

. . . CLICK here for more Photos - 臥牛城 !


. hitobashira 人柱 "human pillar" - human sacrifice .
ikenie 生贄 / 生け贄 human sacrifice


Gagyuuzan 臥牛山 Mount Gagyuzan in Okayama, Takahashi, 487 m high

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臥牛とは神慮に適ひあたたかし
後藤夜半

天つ日や臥牛に炎ゆる曼珠沙華
渡邊水巴 (from the collection : Mount Fuji 富士)

土手の臥牛が軸で水郷ぎりと輪転
山崎愛子


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. . . . . . . . . . Nagasaki 長崎県

. a red bull and the okeya 桶屋 bucket maker .
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西彼町 Seihi village

宮浦の峠に、狐がたくさん出た。ある日、老人が赤牛を連れて峠に行くと、ツワの葉を体にたくさん付けた狐がいた。老人は狐が化かしていると思ったが、そのときにはもう化かされており、どこか違う家の書斎に居る気になっていた。そこへ人が通りかかり何をしているのかと問いかけると、老人は牛のしっぽに掴まって「狐だ」と言っていたという。


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. . . . . . . . . . Niigata 新潟県

西蒲原郡 Nishi Kanbara gun 赤塚村 Akatsuka village

The master of the pond Akazu no Ike 明かずの池 was a huge serpent (or a red bull), which killed the villagers and brought much misfortune to the village. So the priest from temple 正元寺 performed special rituals and prayers for seven days and seven nights.
The red bull had to flee from the pond and escaped to another one, the pond in Jigokudani (Valley of Hell 地獄谷).

. Jigokudani 地獄谷 ”Hell Valley" -- Jigoku no Tani 地獄の谷 .

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red beco, redbeco


- source : redbeco.com -meat -


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. . . . . . . . . . Okayama 岡山県 

The Red Cow and Awakura Hot Spring  粟倉温泉 

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総社市 Soja

昔六社宮は山上に祭られていたが、すぐ潰えるので、人柱の代わりに赤牛を入れることになった。当時ある者が赤牛を飼っていて、金を出せば出しても良いということになった。その後は潰えなくなったが、牛を出した者の家では2代も3代もオシゴロウが出たという。

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. akaushi ni notta sennin 赤牛に乗った仙人 the Immortal who rode on a red bull .



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. . . . . . . . . . Okinawa 沖縄県

ウシ・マジムンは死棺を入れる籠が牛に化けたものだという。夜遅くの帰りに、赤牛が突進してきた。両角を追って組み伏せたが疲れて倒れた。翌朝になってみると籠の両側につけた飾り物を握っていた。

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宮古郡 Miyako

ヤーマス・ウガン由来伝承は、3人兄弟の出生譚として異常妊娠(いつとはなしに孕む)、異常出産(3つの卵を生む)、生長段階の異常食欲、来間島での牡赤牛との格闘なとの話しを持つ。牡牛から来間無人化の理由を聞いてヤーマス・ウガン再興を約束し、女(老婆の連れ去られていた娘)を連れ帰り、長男の嫁とした。生まれた娘たちを次男、三男の嫁とした。
or

ヤーマス・ウガンの由来に関する説話では、赤牛ではなく、黒牛が出てくる話が採録されている。「牛のような怪物」という表現の頻度も高い。「天プトク地プトク根入リヤプトク主司」の説話では、赤牛が死ないし死後の世界にかかわる例がある。伊良部島の伝承では小さな赤牛が侵略者をひっかけてミルクガマへとつれ去る。

check
この話に出てくる鬼は赤牛だが、先に紹介した「卵から生まれた英雄」にも赤牛の妖怪が来間島に出現している。牛に神性があることを早くに指摘したのは石田英一郎で「河童駒引考」の中で詳しく解説している。
http://www2s.biglobe.ne.jp/~hiroba/ikai0107.html

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CLICK for more akabeko photos !

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. . . . . . . . . . Shizuoka 静岡県

Nagatsuro no kakure sato 長津呂のかくれ里 the hidden village of Nagatsuro

Once upon a time

むかし、南伊豆の長津呂(ながつろ)に与丸(よまる)という若者が母親と二人で暮らしていた。家に財産と呼べるようなものは、飼っている赤牛のアカくらいのものだった。それでも与丸はいたって気がやさしく、仕事のない日は浜辺の大岩の上で昼寝をするのがなによりの楽しみだった。

ところがこの与丸、ちょっと人が良すぎるところがあった。今日は庄屋さんの家で働いてきたのに、もらったお金は権左に貸してしまい、また吾作に貸したお金も返してもらっていない。この前は次郎兵衛の所で働いたのに、一銭ももらわずに帰って来たりといった調子だった。

ある日、与丸はいつものように浜辺の大岩の上で昼寝をしていた。起きてみると、いつも近くで草を食んでいるアカの姿が見当たらない。与丸がアカを呼ぶと、それに答えて「モ~~~」というアカの鳴き声が聞こえる。どうも鳴き声は大岩の中から聞こえてくるようだった。そして、与丸が鳴き声が聞こえてくる辺りを触ってみると、与丸は大岩の中に吸い込まれてしまう。

与丸が気がつくと、辺りは甘い香りが漂い、与丸がこれまで見たこともないような美しい景色が広がっていた。甘酸っぱい花の香りにつられて歩いて行くと、与丸はお爺さんがアカを連れて歩いているのを見つける。お爺さんは与丸に言う。

「これはこれは、与丸どの。牛を黙って借りてすまなかったのぅ。ところでの、与丸どの、この畑を鋤く(すく)一ヶ月ばかりあんたの牛を貸してはくれんかのぅ?」お爺さんはその代わりにと、与丸に蓮(はす)の種を一粒渡してまた言う。「その種を家に帰って水の中に蒔いてみなされ。良いことがありますぞな。」

ところが、アカを人に貸してしまったと聞いた与丸のおっかさんは、「アカを人に取られたら、どうやって暮らせばいいんじゃ。」と言って怒り、与丸が蓮の種を見せると「こんな物!!」と言って与丸の手をはたき、種は家の裏の池に落ちてしまう。

それからしばらく、与丸とおっかさんはアカの分までこれまでの何倍も働かねばならなかった。そんなある朝、与丸が目を覚まして何気なく裏の池を見ると、池にはきれいな蓮の花が咲いていた。その蓮の花はこの世のものとは思えぬ美しさで、あたかも極楽の景色のようだった。

またしばらくして、約束の期日になったので、与丸はアカを返してもらおうと浜辺の大岩の所に行った。与丸はお爺さんから礼を言われ、無事アカを返してもらった。ところが、家に帰ると、池の蓮の花は散っており、なにやら重そうな実をつけている。与丸が見てみると、なんと蓮の実は金の粒だった。金の粒はアカを貸した日数とちょうど同じ30粒あった。この金のおかげで、与丸の家はすっかり裕福になった。

しかしその後、与丸がいくら大岩のもとに行っても、二度と大岩の中に入ることは出来なかったそうな。

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Tajima no Akaushi 対島の赤牛

昔、伊豆の対島(たじま)に福泉寺(ふくせんじ)というやぶれ寺があった。この寺に住む住職は次々に行方不明になり、今では誰も住む者がなくなってしまった。村人たちは、福泉寺の奥にある大池の主が池に引き込んでしまうのだと言った。

それから何年かして、美濃の国の名のある武将が、何か思うところがあり出家した。僧になった武将は対島を訪れ、対島の美しい眺めを見て、ここを入定の地と定めた。そこで僧は、福泉寺のことを古老に聞いた。古老が言うには、福泉寺の森の奥に大池があり、夜中にその池の方から牛の鳴き声のような恐ろしい声が聞こえると言うのだ。僧は、それならば今晩、福泉寺に泊まり化け物の正体を見届けると言い、古老が止めるのも聞かず一人で福泉寺に向かってしまった。

夜、福泉寺の本堂では、静まり返った闇の中で僧の読経の声だけが響く。すると池の方から化け物の咆哮が聞こえた。僧が本堂から外に出てみると、そこには赤牛がいた。僧は赤牛に向かって、「もしそなたに仏性(ぶっしょう)があるなら人間の姿になって話してみなさい。」と言う。すると赤牛は夜叉(やしゃ)の女の姿になって本堂に入ってきた。

赤牛を目の前にして一切動じない僧を見て、赤牛は問う。「主(ぬし)は命が惜しくないのか?」僧はこれに応える。「自分は命に執着はない。そなたには仏性がある。仏の功徳(くどく)を聞かれてはどうか。ここに来た理由は救われたいがため?」

赤牛はこれを否定する。「自分は魔界に生を受けたもの。仏法などには縁はない。ここに来た理由はお主を殺そうと思ったからだ。しかし、お主は今までの僧とは違う。ここの住職は自分を恐れるばかりで、なかには討ちかかってくる者までいた。それでやむなく池に引き込んで沈めてしまった。しかし、ここにきて殺生が嫌になった。」

僧は言う。その心こそが仏性であると。僧は続けて自分が出家した経緯を話す。「自分が出家を思い立ったのは、戦で多くの人を殺したがため。私とそなたは同じ悩みを持つもの同士で、その二人がここで対峙するのも、仏のみ心によるものであろう。」

こう言って僧は、夜を徹して赤牛に仏の道を聞かせた。そして夜が明ける頃には、僧と赤牛は二人で手を合わせて読経していた。すると赤牛の身体が光り、これまで夜叉の女の姿であったものが美しい女の姿に変じた。これは赤牛が発心(ほっしん)したためであった。

女の姿に変わった赤牛は、本堂をでて大池に向かった。すると歩く道は白い光となり、赤牛を導くように大池の方に向かって伸びた。女の姿の赤牛は念仏の声とともに大池の水面上で消える。明朝、このことを聞いた古老は、なんとも有り難い話であると感嘆した。

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伊東市 Ito town

Before the development of the town, most of the plain was a huge pond, and its master was a red cow. It killed the priests of temple 福泉寺 Fukusen-Ji one after another.
Eventually a samurai turned priest named 和泉良孝 Izumi Yoshitaka began to read the sutras and finally all became quiet in the region.




Ippeki ike no aka-ushi 一碧湖の赤牛 The Red Cow from Ippeki Pond

Once upon a time
there lived a red cow in the pond, and sometimes it came out of the water, attacked the boats or shapeshifted into a beautiful farm girl and teased the farmers. It also shapeshifted into a dragon and attacked the fisherman and anglers on the shore and the villagers were really in trouble.



In the Kanei period (around 1635) the priest of the temple 光栄寺 Koei-Ji heared about this nuisance, came to the lake, settled down on one of the small islands and begun to pray and perform rituals for seven days. Finally the red cow was contained and the lake became quiet again.



Then he built a small hall there and placed copies of the 法華経 Lotus Sutra in it. Now this island is called
経島 "the Sutra Island".
By the way, there is also a small hall for the 水神 God of Water on the island and people come here to pray for rain.

Ippeki pond is a small crater lake, about six kilometers south of Ito city. The circumference is only 4 km, but this is the largest lake in Izu Peninsula where there are very few lakes and ponds. There are twelve islands, and the beautiful scene reflecting the Amagi Mountains on the lake is known as the ”the eye of Izu”.

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中伊豆町 Nakaizu village

雨乞いには、万城の滝に七面堂の釣鐘を沈めた。
The master of the waterfall 万城の滝 Manjo no Taki was either 大蛇 a huge serpent or a red cow.
Another version says
The real master of the waterfall 万城 の滝 Manjo no Taki near the 地蔵堂 Jizo Hall was a red cow.

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田方郡 Tagata gun 戸田村 Heda village

真城山のさなぎ池
The real master of the Sanagi pond at mount Sanagiyama is a red cow.


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. . . . . . . . . . Yamanashi 山梨県

北巨摩郡 Kitakomo gun 小淵沢町 Kobuchisawa
At the pond called Kobuchi there was a thriving forest and also a small sanctuary.
In former times when there were visitors, farmers would to this sanctuary the night before and ask for food ready to be served on trays 膳椀, just then number of visitors. The next morning they could get the trays full of food, but they had to bring the plates and trays back by evening.
Then one farmer forgot to bring the plates and trays back and the master of the pond, a red bull, got angry and flew away, all the way to lake Suwako 諏訪湖.
There was no more food delivery at this pond, of course.

(There are similar legends of this type where a Kappa makes the delivery.
What could be the background of these legends?)

. Kappa providing food 膳椀と河童 .

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南巨摩郡 Minamikoma gun 五開村 Gokai village

Once the son of a millionaire died, so they wrote the name on his back and held a funeral for him.
Soon after that in the neighbour's farm a red ox was born with the name of this son written on his back. So the rich man asked to have the ox, but since he was on very bad terms with his neighbour, he did not get his wish. Until they died, they were enemies.
We can learn from this story
that it is no good to write the name or seal on the back of a dead person.


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. Reference .

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マンガ昔話データベース Manga Mukashibanashi database
- source : nihon.syoukoukai.com -

妖怪 データベース yokai database
- source : www.nichibun.ac.jp -


. Legends about animals 動物と伝説 .

. minwa 民話 folktales / densetsu 伝説 Japanese Legends .
- Introduction -

- - - #akaushi #akaushilegends #redcowlegends - - - - -

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- Part 2 -

. Legends about the Black Cow, Black Bull  黒牛と伝説 kuro-ushi, kuroushi .

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. Join the MINGEI group on facebook ! .  



. Regional Folk Toys from Japan .

. Japan - Shrines and Temples .


. Tohoku after the BIG earthquake March 11, 2011

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3/02/2015

kites from Kyushu

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Kites from Kyushu 九州の凧 



西九州伊万里凧あげ大会 - Great Kite Meeting in Imari, Kyushu


. tako 凧 Kites of Japan - Introduction .

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- ABC - List of kites from the Prefectures

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. . . . . . . . . . Fukuoka Folk Art - 福岡県

Kitakyushu, Kita Kyushu 北九州  

Kitakyushu is famous for its various types of kites which have to resist the strong winds of the season.


- source : www.asahi-net.or.jp


- quote -
Kyushu kite makers prepare for year of the dragon
A couple in Kita-Kyushu, Fukuoka Prefecture, plan to make 600 kites decorated with images of dragons ahead of the start of 2012, the year of the dragon in the oriental zodiac.
Yoshihiro and Hideko Takeuchi's Kite House Magoji in Kita-Kyushu's Tobata Ward will supply the kites to folk-craft stores across Japan and tourist attractions around the city.


Japanese kites decorated with images of dragons at the Kite House Magoji in Kita-Kyushu's Tobata Ward

Yoshihiro, the 68-year-old second-generation owner of the business, makes the frames while his wife Hideko, 63, paints the images. They receive orders from across Japan every year.
- source : Cool Japan Guide





magojidako, Magoji-dako 孫次凧 Magoji kite
The most common themes are the semi cicada, fugu pufferfish, Kappa water goblin and the uso bullfinch.
They were first made by Magoji san 孫次さん, and the production is now with his grandson, 義博 Magoji Yoshihiro.

孫次凧・製作者:Takeuchi Yoshihiro 竹内義博:北九州市戸畑区新地1-6-4


Kappa Kite かっぱたこ
- source : www.acros.or.jp/r_culture



. usokae 鷽替えexchanging bullfinches .


- KAPPA - 河童 / 合羽 / かっぱ / カッパ - ABC-Index -


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Chikuzen bunbun-dako 筑前ブンブン凧 humming kite from Chikuzen

Made in the town of 直方 Nogata. They are rectangular, with paintings of famous people, like Kabuki actors and show kumadori 隅取り make-up. ブンブン凧 bunbundako



The first maker, Ishii Nihei 石井仁平 , improved the kites from the Suruga province (now Shizuoka prefecture), and the production is now in the hands of the third generation.
When the kite rises in the sky, it makes a humming sound, called "bunbun" in Japanese. The kites are made of fresh green bamboo and Japanese paper and come in many different sizes, from the size of a tobacco box to more than one meter. They can withstand very strong wind, making their special sounds as they dance in the storm. Some are painted with faces of famous Kabuki actors, others with traditional graphic motives.
福岡県直方市頓野2016-2


. Papermachee dolls and toys from Nogata 直方張子 .


Echizen bunbun tako 越前ブンブン凧 from Kita-Kyushu

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Hakata semi dako 博多せみ凧 kite like a cicada from Hakata
and
福岡県北九州市戸畑のセミ凧土鈴
Kita Kyushu Tobata Cicada Kite



semidako as motive for a clay bell 土鈴

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doojintako 道人凧 kites with Chinese motives

The name is the local dialect for toojin tako 唐人凧(とうじんたこ).
They were first made by Magoji 孫次どうじん凧, with the top of dragon 龍道人凧 and the bottom of a tiger.
Now they are also made by Ikuno Yasuyuki 生野保幸 in his free time.
生野保幸:北九州市八幡西区木屋瀬3-6

tatsu doojindako 龍道人凧 kites with dragon motives
red flames are blowing from the mouth of a dragon


- quote -
小倉どうじん凧 Ogura Dojindako
from Ogura ward 北九州市小倉南区城野 in Kitakyushu.










小倉どうじん凧の起源は「小笠原(玲)文書」178「源忠直公年賦二」寛永十五年戌寅、「公43歳(1638年)」島原の乱に出陣する武将に、小倉藩の典医花房道順正信が島原地方で見てきた凧に、龍が波をけって空に昇る姿に雷と太鼓を描き加えて、戦勝祈願として武将に送ったのが始まりと伝えられている。
- source : www.kitakyushu-museum.jp



.Toojin tako, tojindako 上総唐人凧 Tojin kite with Chinese faces .
- Introduction -

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Yanagawadako 柳川凧 kites from Yanagawa town

made by Sakata Nobuyoshi 坂田信義, who also runs a restaurant.
He uses pure washi paper and bamboo and has seven different patterns (men).
- from left to right -


- source : www.asahi-net.or.jp

megaeshi men 目返し面 moving eyes
is the most typical one, with large eyes and moving pupils. When the kite swings in the sky, it is easy to follow the pupils, which are fixed in a special manner and can look kind of upside-down.

komori men 子守面 babysitting faces
They are much smaller that the mekaeshi faces and have bamboo stick of abuot 1 meter.
They are also called ororondako おろろん凧.
ororon is the local dialect to pacify a baby. In former times when mothers carried the babies on their back, they would stick the bamboo with the child so it has something to watch.

karagasa toojin から笠唐人 kite with Chinese motives
This is a very special kite incorporating various motives.
karagasa, karakasa から傘・denden daiko でんでん太鼓・mukai-tai 向い鯛・sensu 扇子・ sakedokkuri, tokkuri 酒徳利.
The umbrella, a twist drum, two auspicious sea breams facing each other, a folding fan and a sake flask.
These are all auspicious motives and this kite is flown on special auspicious days.
One explanation:
These symbols remind of the eight auspicious symbols of Tibetan Buddhism 八吉祥文.

mukadedako  むかで凧 kite like a centipede
Up to 20 kites are linked together in a long row (rendako 連凧 "kite train", stringed kites).

His other motives are
「えび尻(角凧にえびの尻尾のような尾がついている)」「奴さん」「とんび」「義経」




八吉祥財神宝幔彩壇 Ashtamangala. "eight Tibetan symbolic attributes"


source : plaza.rakuten.co.jp/ajiatoan

The eight symbols are
法螺 Conch、法輪 Wheel、宝傘 Parasol、宝蓋 Victory Banner、蓮華 Lotus、宝瓶 Urn、金魚 Fish、吉祥紐 Knot

Ashtamangala - with explanations of these symbols
- source : wikipedia

- - - - - - - - - - - - -


目返し面

more photos from Yanagawa town 水郷柳川
- source : cooljapanx.web.fc2.com - Hatada

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. . . . . . . . . . Nagasaki Folk Art 長崎県

Fukue town 福江市 - Goto Retto 五島列島 Goto island chain



baramondako, baramon tako バラモン凧 kite
Gotoo Baramon 五島バラモン凧 Goto Baramon kite

This type of kite has a long history at the Goto islands.
baramon in the local dialect means to be active and lively.
The paintings are of samurai in armour, facing a devil.
The main producer of these kites is 野原権太郎 Nohara Kentaro.





hinodezuru, hinode tsuru, hinodetsuru 日出鶴 kite in the morning sun with a crane
and
kite with a tsubaki camellia pattern
The crane as a symbol for long life and the sun of Japan - both auspicious symbols for the New Year kite flying.



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Hirado town 平戸 

Most kites are called yoochoo ようちょう Yocho.


oniyoozu 鬼洋蝶 kite with a demon face
oniyôcho, oniyoochoo

. Oni 鬼 Demon Amulets .

There is even a shochu shnaps with this label.




. - hyoozu no kami, Hyōzu 兵主神 Hyozu no Kami
- Deity of Wind and Weapons - .

. hyoosube, hyōsube 兵主部 / ひょうすべ Hyosube . from Saga, Kyushu



. kintoki yoochoo 金時凧 / 金時ようちょう kite with Kintoki .

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Ikinoshima, Iki no Shima 壱岐島 Iki Island


ondako 鬼凧 "demon kite"

Related to the Demon Legend of Iki Island.



Iki is full of legends associated with oni devils, from the Devil's Footprint in Makizaki Park and Tatsunoshima Island to the Devil's Tomb Cavern. The traditional craft of ondako makes a kite depicting a particular heroic battle.
The warriorDaijin Yuriwaka beheads an oni, who dies sinking his teeth into Yuriwaka's helmet.
source : ikishi.sakura.ne.jp

Yuriwaka Daijin 百合若大臣


Utagawa Kuniyoshi

Yuriwaka Daijin is a character in kōwakami, a form of musical dance-drama (similar to nō) that was popular in the late sixteenth century. His name may be translated as Young Lord Lily, and lilies decorate the series title border. After fighting in the war against the Mongols in the thirteenth century, Yuriwaka is stranded on an island and is unable to return home for years. When he comes home at last, he has been gone so long, and is so changed by his experiences, that no one recognizes him. His wife believes that he is still alive but is unaware of his return, and she is threatened by the villain Beppu because she has refused to marry him.

In the climactic scene shown here, Yuriwaka demonstrates his identity by stringing and drawing the great bow that only he, a renowned archer, is strong enough to use. He kills Beppu and its happily reunited with his faithful wife.
The inset landscape is framed with bowstrings, another reference to this episode.

As early as 1906, the writer, translator, and critic Tsubouchi Shōyō pointed out that the story of Yuriwaka is strikingly similar to the basic plot of Homer's Odyssey, . . .
Further research by various scholars has shown that the Yuriwaka story is not found in older Japanese sources but appeared suddenly in the late sixteenth century, just when Jesuit missionaries were most active in Japan (prior to the banning of Christianity in the 1630s).
Moreover, the name Yuri (Lily) is very unusual for a man, but it could well be a Japanese abbreviation of Ulysses. All in all, it seems extremely likely that this tale was inspired by one of the greatest classics in Western literature and was probably written by a sixteenth-century Japanese who had heard the story of The Odyssey form a visiting European.
Quoted from:
Utagawa Kuniyoshi: The Sixty-nine Stations of the Kisokaidō
by Sarah E. Thompson, p. 36.
- source : woodblockprints.org

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Nagasaki hata 長崎ハタ Nagasaki Hata kite



quote
Hata is build at Nagasaki Prefecture, Kyushu.
It does not look like other Japanese traditional kite in shape. It is believed that this kite is imported from far-east Asian counties,such as China,Thailand and Indonesia.
Nagasaki was the only one harbour when Japan closed to foreign countries during Edo period(1603-1867).
It is fairly certain that Nagasaki Hata fighting kite is a derivation of the Indian Fighter. It bears a close resemblance to the classic Indian Fighter, differing only in the absence of the Indian support fin at the tail, and in having its two leading edges supported by guidline of string, while the Indian version has its leading edges unsupported. Nagasaki Hata is traditionally coloured red, white and blue, in the manner of the Dutch ensign.
This is an exceptionally manoeuvable kite capable of flying at amazing speeds with considerable directional control. Equipped with cutting devices such as porcelain glued to the line below the bridle be means of egg white, rice or other natural adhesives, it is a fearsome opponent in competition.




. byoobu 屏風 Byobu Folding Screens .

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kara kintoki, kara-kintoki から金時 
'Kintoki' is the name of a boy-hero who appears in Japanese old tale.



源頼光と坂田金時 Yorimitsu and Kintoki

. 金太郎 Kintaro "Golden Boy" .
. . . he became a loyal follower of Minamoto no Yorimitsu under the new name Sakata Kintoki 坂田金時 / 坂田公時.


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. . . . . . . . . . Oita Folk Art - 大分県

yokanbee よかんべえ Yakko kite

Yakko kites 奴凧 have been a favorite in the Edo period since more than 230 years.
They are also called Edo kites.
Some famous regions of Oita for these kites are  Takeda 竹田, Usuki臼杵 and Bungo Takata 豊後高田. yokanbee is the local diaclec for these kites


source : yonechan kite collection

made by 三郎福助 Saburo Fukusuke





ura yakko tako 裏奴凧 Yakko from the backside from Usuki臼杵
The Lord Inaba had seen similar kites in Edo and had his retainers make them here in Oita. When the kite begins to fly high, it looks like a manservant, slowly vanishing in the clouds. This kite was especially flown at the O-Bon お盆 rituals for the ancestors.


. Yakko Daruma 奴だるま .
yakko 奴
was the name of the lowest social position in the Edo society, the simple workers of a daimyo household.


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. tako 凧 Kites of Japan - Introduction .


- - - #kyushukites #kitesfromkyushu - - - - -
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. Join the MINGEI group on facebook ! .  



. Regional Folk Toys from Japan .


. Tohoku after the BIG earthquake March 11, 2011

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[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]

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9/24/2011

Uma (koma) Horse - INFO

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koma 駒 / uma 馬 Horse Toys Japan
kigoma 木駒 horse toy made from wood


The horse is one of the 12 zodial animals of the Asian calendar.

. 12 zociac animals 干支  eto, kanshi .


. uma 馬 koma 駒伝説 horse legends .


. hatsu uma, hatsu-uma 初午 First Day of the Horse .
hatsu uma moode 初午詣 first shrine visit on the day of the horse


. monkey leading a horse .
saru hiki uma 猿曳き馬 - 猿曳馬 // saru hiki koma 猿曳き駒 - 猿曳駒


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horse heads from various temples dedicated to the

. Horseheaded Kannon (Batoo Kannon 馬頭観音) .



Kanazawa kubi uma 金沢の首馬 "horse head" from Kanazawa
Ishikawa prefecture

Ryusen-Ji 竜泉寺首馬 (Aichi, see below)

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Kasadera Kannon, Nagoya 笠寺観音 Kannon at the "Rain Hat Temple"
名古屋市南区
Kasadera no fuku uma 笠寺のふく馬
Kasadera no kubi um 笠寺の首馬
source : kubiuma.htm

Even Matsuo Basho visited this famous temple:
. Owari shi Kannon 尾張四観音 -The Four Kannon Temples of Owari .   


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he rides alone
on his steckenpferd -
summer heat





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The following HP gives a list of all the
horse toys named KOMA of Japan.

Check it out to see the photos:
source : koma no ganngu.html...




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. . . . . Aichi

. haru koma 春駒 spring horse .
Ryuusenji no kubi uma 竜泉寺首馬 horse head from temple Ryusen-Ji

- - - - -

. Kira no aka uma 吉良の赤馬 red horse from Kira .
Nishio 西尾
and the story of Kira Kozukenosuke 吉良上野介 and the 47 Ronin (Chushingura)

- - - - -

. saru no umabiki ema 猿の馬曳き絵馬 monkey leading a horse, .
from Susaki Jinja 洲崎神社
- and
Nagoya no Kasadera no wara uma 名古屋の笠寺の藁馬 / ふく馬 fuku uma
auspicious straw horse from temple Kasadera

- - - - -


kushi uma dorei 串馬土鈴 clay bell like
a head doll of a horse

Steckenpferd

. Kubi ningyoo 首人形 head dolls INFO .
kushi ningyoo 串人形 dolls on a stick



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. . . . . Akita 田沢湖町 Lake Tawawako


komadaki dooji 駒抱き童子 child holding a horse


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. . . . . Aomori



Mutsugoma, Mutsu koma むつ駒 Horse from Mutsu



Hachiman koma 八幡駒 Hachiman horse
from the shrine Kushibiki Hachimangu 櫛引八幡宮 / Hachinohe town 八戸市



- - - - - Sarunori Hachiman koma 猿乗り八幡駒 Monkey on a Hachiman horse




Nanbu koma odori 南部駒踊り Dancing Nanbu Horses
(from the festival) Towada town 十和田市




Hirosaki umakko 弘前馬コ horses from Hirosaki




uma nori dattan jin 馬乗りダッタン人 Russian on horses


. Folk Toys from Aomori .
Yawata uma 八幡馬(やわたうま) Yahata horse



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. . . . . Fukuoka

. Hassaku no Uma 八朔の馬 Hassaku Horse

. WKD : Hassaku celebrations .
First day of the eighth lunar month.


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. . . . . Fukushima

. Horse toys from Fukushima .

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. . . . . Ibaraki

Mayumi koma 真弓駒, Mayumi uma 真弓馬 horse amulet from Mayumi
Hitachi Ota, 那珂郡 Naka district, Mayumi village, shrine Mayumi Jinja 真弓神社
This shrine belonged to
Muramatsuyama village, temple Kokuuzoo Doo 村松山虚空藏堂 Kokuzo-Do, founded by Kobo Daishi.



It has been made as an offering to the shrine from the wood of old cedar trees in the mountain forest around Mayumi village.
The wooden horse plates are colored in black, red and yellow and stand on a special tray.
The village was also famous for its horses. From a life horse to a wooden horse statue to ema votive tablets, this horse is honored at the shrine.

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. makomo uma まこも馬 wild rice straw horse



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. . . . . Ishikawa

harukoma 春駒 spring horse, white or red
Kanazawa



CLICK for more samples of harukoma horses.
harukoma 春駒 clay bell

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. . . . . Iwate

ita koma 板駒 horse on a plate / Hanamaki

. kiri koma, kirikoma 桐駒 / 桐馬 horses from paulownia wood .

Nanbu koma 南部駒 Nambu Horses (clay bell)

senjin koma 先陣駒 vanguard horse / Hanamaki

. Shinobigoma 偲び駒 secret votive straw horse .
shinobi no koma 忍び(の)駒 "secret horse"
Hanamaki 花巻

suzu koma 鈴駒 clay bell / Morioka



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. . . . . . . . . . . . Kagoshima

. umanori, uma-nori musha 馬乗り武者 samurai soll on horseback .


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. . . . . Miyagi


kinoshitagoma, kinoshita no koma 木ノ下駒 from Sendai 仙台

- quote -
The Kinoshita-koma wooden horse toy
is a traditional handicraft handed down in Kinoshita in Sendai City, Miyagi Prefecture. Kinoshita-koma, along with Yawata-goma of Aomori Prefecture and Miharu-goma of Fukushima Prefecture, are known as the three best wooden horse toys of Japan.

The origin of the Kinoshita-koma wooden horse toy dates back to the Heian period (794-1192). The Tohoku region has traditionally been a horse-breeding area and horses were indispensable for military affairs and agriculture in the old days. It is said that the provincial governors of this region always dedicated horses to the Imperial court whenever Komahiki (the horse exhibition) was held at the Imperial palace. When a horse was dedicated, a horse-shaped wooden ornament was put on the harness around the neck. Later, people began to make wooden horses modeling after this ornament.

Those wooden horses were sold at the festivals of Mutsu Kokubunji Temple or Hakusan Shrine as the talisman to protect horses and drive away evils. Gradually, they became a popular souvenir item for temple and shrine visitors and farmers began to make them during the agricultural off-season. Their cute figures attracted attention of travelers and they became known all over the country.
- source : nippon-kichi.jp -

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. . . . . Nagano

Kiso koma 木曽駒 Kiso horse
(the real one's were very famous)

The area along the river 木曽川 Kisogawa produced a lot of wood and wooden toys.


from the shrine 五宮神社 Itsumiya Jinja. The real horse walks along the village during the shrine festival. It carries 200 "flowers" from bamboo stripes in five colors.

- quote -
The October Festival at Itsumiya Jinja
This ceremony is carried out to pray for good harvest and safty of family.
Conducted by traditional instrument play of flutes and drums, 3 horses carrying saddle decorated with flowers on their backs walk through the town.
After the parade circle around the shrine 3 times, sightseers run up to horses and scramble for the flowers.
People take the flowers to their home and display them at the entrance of houses or ridges between rice field as the object to drive out evil spirits and insects.
- History
5 colors papers decorate 365 sticks on the horseback imitates ear of rice.
5 colors indicates "clear sky, rich harvest grain, sun, clean water, and fertile soil".
On the saddle of the 1st horse of the parade, Himorogi (on which the god ride on made of sakaki plant and white paper) is fixed.
2nd horse carries chrysanthemum (indicates good harvest), and
3rd horse carries bamboo flag (indicates ear of rice) on their backs.
- source : f-pedia.r-cms.biz -


. Kiso no hana uma 木曽の花馬 Horse and Blossoms from Kiso .
and - - - yomeiri koma, yome-iri koma 嫁入り駒 horse for a bride

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Kirihara no warakoma 桐原のわら駒 straw horse from Kirihara
Dating back to the Nara period.
for the festival at the shrine 桐原牧神社 Kiriharamaki Jinja, March 8.
長野県長野市桐原二丁目26番33号

An amulet to protect from evil influence, have a rich harvest, keep the family happy and have many children.
It is made by the local people, with the little male symbol of the horse sticking out for extra joy.
Nowadays they are made by a group to preserve the straw horse.


ema 絵馬 votive tablet from the shrine



Kirihara used to be a famous and historical pasture area which was owned by the Imperial Court. Many fine horses were offered to the Imperial Court. People offer the Warakoma which is the shape of fine horse with some steamed red beans rice and money. This is offered to the Kiriharamaki Shrine in the festival.
source : japanguides.net/nagano

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. . . . . Nagasaki



kaiun shusse koma 開運出世駒 horse for good luck and career
Hasami village 波佐見町


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. . . . . Niigata


wara uma 藁馬 straw horse


Suibara no kiba 水原の木馬 wooden horse from Suibara


. Yamaguchi no kiba 山口の木馬 wooden horse from Yamaguchi town .


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. . . . . Okinawa 沖縄



uma guu チンチン馬グヮー small horse with rider



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. . . . . Oita

eto kago nori shusse koma 干支かごのり出世駒 horses for a career
in a basket, one for each of the 12 zodiac animals
shinme suzu, shinba suzu  神馬鈴 clay bell with sacred horse (Beppu)



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. . . . . Saga

Inari koma 稲荷駒 Inari Fox God Horse
Kashima town 鹿島市

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. . . . . Shimane

. kazari uma, kazariuma 飾り馬 decoration horse .
Matsue town

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. . . . . Tochigi

harukoma  春駒 spring horse



A decorative item for the New Year celebrations.


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. . . . . Tokyo

. akagoma, akai koma 赤駒 red horse .



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. . . . . Toyama



Toga no hatsu-uma 利賀村の初午の藁馬 Toga village straw horse for the

It has a cloth bridle of red-white auspicious colors with a bell attached to it.
On the 15th day of January children come to the local Shinto shrine with these horse heads to join the procession and eventually tear off the bridle. The whole group then walks around the village from home to home.

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. . . . . Wakayama

. Shoojuuji no doba 正住寺土馬 clay horse from temple Shoju-Ji .

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. . . . . Yamanashi

Kaii Kurokoma 甲斐黒駒 black horse from Kaii, black pegasus
from village Oizumi mura 大泉村

- - - - -

. 黒駒太子 - Prince Shotoku Taishi on his Black Horse .

- - - - -


gohei koma 御幣駒 horse with gohei 御幣 ritual wand decoration
A straw horse with a ritual want to pray for good health of children. Decorated for the New Year.
Also an amulet for the silk farmers.
About 13 cm high.


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Clay bells with horses (uma 馬)
(the horse is one of the 12 zodiac animals)

. . . CLICK here for Photos !



Regional toys with horses (uma 馬)
kyoodoo gangu 郷土玩具

. . . CLICK here for Photos !


Clay dolls with horses (uma 馬)
土人形

. . . CLICK here for Photos !



"Bamboo Horse"
. Takeuma, chikuba 竹馬 bamboo stilts .



Okayama 岡山 -Kurashiki town 倉敷
. momo nose uma 桃乗せ馬 horse carrying a peach.

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External Link

Many clay horses come with a legend attached to a shrine or warriors of old.

kazari uma 飾り馬 Decorated Clay Horses
uma nori kitsune 馬乗り狐 fox riding a horse
... 馬乗り袴狐 fox in a hakama riding a horse

jinba 神馬 horse of the gods
... Ichinomiya onba 一宮おん馬
... Sumiyoshi jinba 住吉神馬 from Sumiyoshi shrine
... Konpira jinba 金毘羅神馬 from Kompira san
... Hakozaki-guu 筥崎宮神馬鈴 from Hakozakishrine (Fukuoka)
... Nogomi inari koma のごみ稲荷駒 (Saga prefecture)

daimyo uma 大名馬 horse of a daimyo, Nagasaki
naminori uma 波のり馬 horse riding the waves
hyootan koma 瓢箪駒 horse out of a gourd
(there is a proverb: 瓢箪から駒が出る)
Atsumori 敦盛 Lord Atsumori on a horse (Akita)
umanori heitai 馬乗り兵隊 soldier on a horse
... umanori chindai 馬乗り鎮台
umanori kodomo musha 馬乗り子供武者 child samurai on a horse
uma Takasago 午高砂 horses in Takasago pose
umanori kintoki 馬乗り金時 Kintoki on a horse
umanori kitsune 馬乗り狐 inari fox riding a horse
tenka taihei 天下泰平 peace horse

Kumagai and Atsumori 熊谷と敦盛 (famous samurai)
Okehazama 桶狭間 fight at Okehazama

source : kyoudogangu.xii.jp

And more links to horses made from
wood, straw, paper, strings, on ema votive tablets

heads of horses on a stick 首馬 kubiuma, kubi-uma, kubikonma くびこんま
http://kyoudogangu.xii.jp/uma/kubiuma.htm


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ema 絵馬  votive tablet

Shirakura uma 白黒馬 white and black horse

水神宗社 丹生川上神社
Suijin soosha, shrine Niukwa jinja, Nara

When praying for rain during a drought, a black horse is offered.
When praying to stop the long rain, a white horse is offered.
This custom goes back to the Heian period.







source : blog.murakudo.com


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quote
Anyone familiar with Shinto will know about the significance of horses. They are thought to be intermediaries between this world and that of the kami. Votive tablets (ema, literally ‘horse pictures’) originated in the practice of offering horses to the kami. Still today one sees horse statues at some shrines, while others have a white horse stabled on the grounds or put on horse events during their annual matsuri.
- snip
If one thinks of Mongol warriors, then clearly the horse was a vehicle of power that enabled its rider to dispense death and destruction over wide areas. It was quite literally a seat of authority. To a lowly peasant, the fast moving creature must have seemed imbued with an air of divine power. It’s but a short step to imagine the horses descending with their godlike riders from heaven. Something of this clearly entered Japan at a time when Shinto was still in the process of formation.

snip
* The Shoku Nihongi (797) mentions that horses were dedicated to shrines in order to stop rain (white horse) or make it rain (black horse). [If I'm not mistaken, such a practice was carried out at Kibune Jinja near Kyoto.]

* In Eastern Japan at Tanabata (July 7) a greeting horse (mukae-uma) is hung from gates and trees to be offered as a mount for the visiting deity. It’s also offered to ancestral spirits at Obon.
MORE - by Dougill John
source : www.greenshinto.com/wp

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- reference -

日本三駒 Aomori, Miyagi and Fukushima
- source : kig0612.exblog.jp -

ki no uma gangu 木の馬玩具 horse toys from wood
- reference source : horse toys -
- reference source : suisui horse collection -
- source : kyoudogangu.xii.jp/uma -

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. Regional Folk Toys from Japan .

. Japan - Shrines and Temples .


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- #umahorse #horse #komahorse #koma #hatsuuma #kigoma #woodenhorse -
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