Tide Jewels kanju manju

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .
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kanju manju 干珠満珠 the tide jewels
manju kanju 満珠干珠

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Tide jewels
In Japanese mythology, the tide jewels-- individually, the kanju (干珠, lit. "(tide-)ebbing jewel") and manju (満珠, lit. "(tide-)flowing jewel")-- were magical gems that the Sea God used to control the tides. Classical Japanese history texts record an ancient myth that the ocean kami Watatsumi 海神 "sea god" or Ryūjin 龍神 "dragon god" presented the kanju and manju to his demigod son-in-law Hoori, and a later legend that Empress Jingū used the tide jewels to conquer Korea.
Tide jewels interrelate Japanese dragons and wani sea-monsters, Indonesian mythology, the nyoi-ju 如意珠 "cintamani; wish-fulfilling jewel" in Japanese Buddhism, magic jewels of Nāga kings in Hindu mythology, and the pearl associations of Chinese dragons in Chinese mythology.
- - - - - Terminology
The Japanese compounds kanju 干珠 lit. "ebb jewel" and manju 満珠 lit. "flow jewel" combine kan 干 (cf. 乾) "dry up; drain off; ebb (tides); recede; oppose" and man 満 "fill; full; rise (tides); fulfill; satisfy" with ju, shu, or tama 珠 "gem; jewel; precious stone; pearl; bead". Compare the reversible compounds kanman 干満 and mankan 満干 or michihi 満ち干 meaning "ebb and flow; high and low tides; the tides". Shiomitsu-tama 潮満珠 and shiohiru-tama 潮干珠 are archaic "tide jewel" names using shio or chō 潮 "tide; flow; salt water".
- - - - - Early references
Two Nara period (710-794 CE) historical texts record myths that the Sea God presented the kanju and manju to Hoori, and a Kamakura period (1192-1333 CE) text says the legendary Empress Jingū used the tide jewels to conquer a Korean kingdom in 200 CE.
The tide jewels
are central to "The Lost Fishhook" legend about the fisherman Hoderi and hunter Hoori, two brothers who argued over replacing a lost fishhook. Hoori went searching to the bottom of the sea, where he met and married Toyotama-hime, the daughter of the dragon Sea God. After living three years in the undersea Ryūgū-jō 竜宮城 "dragon palace castle", Ryūjin presented Hoori with his brother's fishhook and the tide jewels, and arranged for him to take his sea-dragon bride back to land.
- - - - - Kojiki
The ca. 680 CE Kojiki 古事記 "Record of Ancient Matters" uses the archaic names shiomitsu-tama 潮満珠 "tide-flowing jewel" and shiohiru-tama 潮干珠 "tide-ebbing jewel" in two consecutive passages.
The first describes the sea-god's advice to Hoori about how to confront his duplicitous brother Hoderi.
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- - - - - Nihongi
The ca. 720 CE Nihon shoki 日本書紀 "Chronicles of Japan" or Nihongi日本紀 has several references to tide jewels.
..... Empress Jingū found a Buddhist nyoi-ju 如意珠 lit. "as-one-wishes jewel",
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- - - - - Mizukagami
The ca. 1195 CE Mizukagami 水鏡 "Water Mirror", which is a collection of historical tales, confabulates the Nihongi legends about the tide jewels and Jingū conquering the Koreans (Bassett 1885:74). This text uses some different names, Sāgara 沙竭羅 (one of the 8 Dragon Kings) for the Sea God, and Koryo 句麗 or Koma 蓋馬 for the Korean kingdom Goguryeo.
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- - - - - Later references
The history of the kanju and manju tide jewels continues into the present day, long after the myths about Hoori's lost fishhook and Jingō's invented conquest.
..... The Japanese word for "pearl", shinju 真珠 lit. "true jewel", compares with kanju 干珠 "tide-ebbing jewel" and manju 満珠 "tide-flowing jewel".
This kanji 珠 is also pronounced tama, cognate with tama 玉 "jewel; gem; jade" seen above in the name Toyotama-hime and below in the next.


Princess Tamatori steals Ryūjin's tide jewels,
by Utagawa Kuniyoshi.

The fable of Tamatori-hime 玉取姫 "Princess Jewel Taker", which was a favorite ukiyo-e subject of Utagawa Kuniyoshi,
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Manju Shima 満珠島 "tide-flowing jewel island" and Kanju Shima 干珠島 "tide-ebbing jewel island" are uninhabited islets in the Kanmon Straits near Chōfu 長府 in Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi. In the 1185 CE Battle of Dan-no-ura during the Genpei War, the Minamoto (Genji) fleet defeated the Taira (Heike) fleet by taking advantage of the tides around these two islands.
In 1943, the Manju maru 満珠丸 and Kanju maru 干珠丸 Etorofu class coastal defense ships were named after the tide-jewel islands.

Several Shinto shrines were allegedly repositories for the ancient tide jewels. The ca. 1335 CE Usa hachiman no miya engi 宇佐八幡宮縁起 "History of the Hachiman Shrine at Usa" notes .....
..... the Ōwatatsumi-jinja 大海神社 in Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka and the Mekari-jinja 和布刈神社 in Moji-ku, Kitakyūshū purportedly housed the original tide jewels. The Yasaka Shrine in Kyoto annually holds the Gion Matsuri celebrating the legend of Jingū using the tide jewels to defeat the Koreans.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !


Umisachihiko うみさちひこ【海幸彦】Hoderi
Yamasachihiko やまさちひこ【山幸彦】 Hoori
. Food from the Sea, Food from the Mountains .
and
the deity Watatsumi 海神 / 綿津見

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- ABC - List of ebb and tide clay bells from the Prefectures


source : ezbbs.net/cgi/ 茶々丸
from Iminomiya jinja 忌宮神社 Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi

kanju manju no suzu 干珠満珠の鈴 clay bells of ebb and tide

. dorei どれい【土鈴】 clay bells from Japan .
- Introduction -

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. . . . . . . . . . Ehime




On a very small princess Daruma doll there is only one of these jewels.
The three jewels remind us of the Korean war of Empress Jinguu, which was favoured by a strong wind called "Treasure of Ebb and Tide" (kanju manju 干珠満珠). But come to think about this name, there should be only two jewels!


Two clay bells (dorei 土鈴) with the "Ebb and Tide" Jewel

© PHOTO 都道府県の民芸品


. Hoju and the "Crow Script" of the Kumano Shrines
Amulets with a design called "crow character" 烏文字.

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. . . . . . . . . . Fukuoka



. Koora Taisha 高良大社 Shrine Kora Taisha.

During her conquest of Korea, Empress Jingu Kogo stopped at 筑前国香椎 Chikuzen, Kashii to pray at the shrine to Sumiyoshi Myojin 住吉大明神. The Deity told her to get the Tide Jewels from the Dragon King Palace. When she asked how that could best be done, the Deity told her to sent Azumi Isora and have him dance for the Dragon King.
So she send her sister 豊姫 Toyohime and Azumi to the Dragon Palace and they returned with the Tide Jewels.

. Empress Jingu Kogo 神功皇后 .

. Azumi no Isora 阿曇磯良 .

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. . . . . . . . . . Hyogo


source : tsuchinosuzu.web.fc2.com/chiiki_kinki

海神社満珠 Watatsumi Jinja
5-1 Miyamotocho, Tarumi Ward, Kobe, Hyogo


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. . . . . . . . . . Kyoto


source : maharishi.co.jp/kyoto

Azumi no Isora holds the Tide Jewels, an expression of his superior understanding of the sea.
His ancestor is the deity Wadatsumi no Kami 少童命 / 綿津見神.

. Azumi no Isora 阿曇磯良 .
He is also venerated at Kasuga Taisha in Kyoto under the name of
Ame no Koyane no mikoto 天児屋根命 Amenokoyane
He was a sea admiral 海上指揮 in the time of Jingu Kogo during her Korean wars.


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. . . . . . . . . . Yamaguchi, Shimonoseki

kanju manju no rei 干珠満珠の鈴 clay bells of ebb and tide




Kanju-shima、Kanju-jima 干珠(かんじゅ)島 Kanju Island
Manju-shima, Manju-jima 満珠(まんじゅ)島 Manju Island

In 1958 Mount Hinoyama and the Islands Manju and Kanju with their forests were incorporated into the Setonaikai National Park. The islands have many Castanopsis sieboldii trees.

干珠満珠物語（かんじゅまんじゅものがたり）　
The story of Kanju and Manju
- reference : hotokuenhp/yamaguchidensetu - senjyumanjyu -

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. Reference 干珠満珠 .

. gangu 玩具　伝説, omochcha おもちゃ 　toy, toys and legends .
- Introduction -


. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

- - - #kanjumanju #tidejewles #watatsumi #claybells - - - - -
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御講凪満珠干珠の島浮かぶ
okoonagi manju kanju no shima ukabu

calm day for the Shinran ceremony -
the Tide Jewel Islands
float in the sea

Ryuuzu Mikiko 龍頭美紀子 Ryuzu Mikiko

. Okoonagi 御講凪 Memorial Ceremony for Saint Shinran Shonin 親鸞聖人 .
okoonagi 御講凪 calm wind during the honorable preaching ceremony
okoobiyori お講日和 fine day on the honorable preaching ceremony
- kigo for early winter -




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kookai shin, kookaishin 航海神 Kokaishin Deities of Seafarers - Legends
hooryooshin 豊漁神 Deities for a good catch

The Horyoshin 豊漁神 Deities for a good catch are venerated at

Miho Jinja 美穂神社 Miho Shrine in Matsue in Shimane
Mishima Jinja 三島神社 Mishima Shrine / 三嶋大社 in Shizuoka
Benten Shrine 江の島の弁天 at Enoshima, Kanagawa
Itsukushima Jinja 厳島神社 Itsukushima Shrine at Miyajima, Hiroshima
Kotohira Gu 琴平宮, 金毘羅さん Konpira Shrine in Kagawa

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Okinawa 沖縄県 伊平屋村 Iheya village

ryuuguu no kami リュウグウノカミ，hanadamaganashi ハナダマガナシ Kami of the Dragon Palace
In Iheya village this Kami of the Dragon Palace is also called hanadama ganashi ハナダマガナシ.
People come here to pray before going for a long sea trip.

ryuuguu no kami 竜宮の神， Nirai Kanai ニライ・カナイ，hooryooshin 豊漁神
. ryuuguu 竜宮と伝説 Ryugu Legends about the Dragon Palace .

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Yamagata 山形県 鶴岡市 Tsuruoka city 下川 Shimogawa

The Temple 善宝寺 Zenpo-Ji in Tsuruoka is famous from Tohoku to Kanto as a place to pray for a good catch.
In Mie it is the Temple 青峯山正福寺 Shofuku-Ji.
Once a statue of 十一面観音像 Kannon Bosatsu with 11 faces came riding on kujira 鯨魚 a whale.
She became the portector deity of fishermen and sailors at Shofuku-Ji.
Kujira Shusse Kannon 鯨山出現観音

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- reference : Nichibun Yokai Database -

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. Regional Folk Toys from Japan .

. Japan - Shrines and Temples .


. Tohoku after the BIG earthquake March 11, 2011

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Hita Tenryo Oita

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. tenryō 天領 Tenryo Government Land "Land of Heaven" .
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Hita 日田市 - Bungo no Kuni Hita 豊後国日田
Part of Bungo is now in Oita prefecture, part in Fukuoka.



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Hita (日田市 Hita-shi) is a city located in Ōita Prefecture, Japan, that was founded on December 11, 1940. It is an agricultural and industrial centre that primarily produces lumber, furniture, and pottery. Its attractions and scenic beauty also make it a popular tourist destination.
..... Hita is located in the far west of Ōita Prefecture, and borders the neighbouring prefectures of Fukuoka, and Kumamoto. Surrounding cities include Kurume to its west, Nakatsu to the north, and Kusu to the east.
..... Many rivers that run through Hita join up to the Mikuma River. This river was used to distribute lumber to Kurume and Ōkawa at the end of the Edo Period but with the completion of the Yoake Dam, the use of this route stopped.

----- History
In 1593, Hita came under the direct control of the Toyotomi Household as the main city overseeing Kyushu. After the completion of Hinokuma castle and fortification of Nagayama castle, Hita passed from the Toyotomi household to the new Daimyo Tokugawa Ieyasu and became a "Tenryo" town, in which the town was under direct control of the Tokugawa Shogunate. After the Meiji period it was known as Hita Prefecture, and after that, it was assimilated into Ōita Prefecture.
..... During the Edo period, Hita was modeled after Kyoto and its merchant culture, and even now, it is called "Little Kyoto".
- - - - - Festivals
Hina Dolls Festival (February/March)
Cherry Blossom Festival (First Sunday in April): Kizan Park
River Opening Festival (First weekend after May 20)
Gion Festival (First Sunday after July 20)
Tenryo Festival (Third weekend in October)
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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Hita is famous for its quality bamboo and cedar timbers.
This resource made it to a Tenryo.
Hita prospered as tenryo 天領 (direct controlled territory of Edo Shogunate) during the Edo period (1603-1868). It is called "Little Kyoto", and has old buildings standing in a row, even today, near the hot spring resort. In Mameta town, you can enjoy a stroll through the historic streets.
Hita hot spring is known as "spring for birth", and is effective for neuralgia, recovering from fatigue and more.
source : wikitravel.org

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Taio kinzan 鯛生金山 Taio Gold Mine, goldmine
大分県日田市 中津江村合瀬3750



Once the largest gold mine in the East (42 tons), this mine stretched 110km in length. Now about 800m has been recreated as an underground museum to demonstrate the gold mine in the old days.
The gold mine was closed in 1972.

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ayuyana　鮎簗 bamboo fish traps



Along the Mikuma river from July till November.
The fish are caught and grilled with salt

. yana 魚簗 (やな) fish trap .

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Hita geta　日田下駄 geta wooden sandals from Hita



Made from the wood of sugi 日田杉　Hita Cedar trees

. geta 下駄 wooden sandals, clogs .

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Hita Gion Matsuri 日田祇園祭り　Hita Gion Festival



The Gion Festival Centre in Kuma-machi provides information about the history and activities of Hita's annual summer festival, and exhibits six full-sized floats which are paraded around the city during the annual Gion Festival.


CLICK for more photos !

日田祇園山鉾会館 Hita Gion Float Museum

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Hita Tenryo Matsuri　日田天領まつり　Hita Tenryo Festival
Third weekend in October



This festival celebrates Hita's Edo period, when it was under direct Tokugawa supervision. The highlight is a procession of 200 people through the city in full Edo-period costume. The name of the festival comes from the phrase tenryō, used to describe such direct Tokugawa landholdings (Hita was part of the territory overseen by the saigoku gundai, the deputy of the western provinces).

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Tenryo Hita Doll Festival　天領日田雛まつり
February 15 ~ March 31 豆田町 Mameda-machi, Kuma-machi



Hina Dolls: Suffused with the Traditional Beauty of the Edo Period
The doll festival is a harbinger of spring in Hita’s Tenryo district.
The vividly-colored, elaborate dolls and their accoutrements, which were made from the Edo period to the Meiji era, are displayed throughout the area and attract tourists from all over Kyushu.
The exhibitions are held in 20 locations in Mameda-machi and Kuma-machi on either side of the JR Hita Station, and the colorful doll festival atmosphere brightens the neighborhood in a way evocative of ages past.
The dolls on display have been well preserved by commercial establishments in the city. They present an excellent opportunity to see the inherent beauty of traditional crafts, particularly the attractive coloring of the clothing, the workmanship of the accessories, and the unique expression on each doll’s face.
The exhibition area itself has many buildings dating from the Edo period and the Meiji era. Mameda has been designated an important traditional architectural preservation district by the national government. Combined with the doll exhibits, the buildings offer visitors a stately sense of history.
Hita is dotted with three-story wood frame buildings that date back three centuries, so visitors can also enjoy the street scenes.
Tenryo Hina Jinya (museum) 天領雛陣屋
- source : fukuoka-now.com/en/article -

The 草野本家 Kusano family Hina Dolls can be viewed at the oldest house in Hita during the tourist season. In the March Doll's Festival, up to 200 of the collection are on display at once.

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kiji uma きじ馬 "pheasant horse"



Kitayamada no kijiguruma 北山田のきじ車 and Kusu village 玖珠町
This model is found in many parts of the Kusu plain, in the north of Oita prefecture. The villages are trying to revive the village life with this toy, especially Oonohara village 大野原 Onohara.
The toy is made from plain wood of the magnolia hypoleuca tree ホオノキ, with two wheels and a saddle.
It was given to a family when a baby boy war born.
It strong and simple making allowed the boy to sit on it and ride it like a horse.
Other villages to make this type are Tobata 戸畑 and Yamaura 山浦.

. Kiji-guruma きじ車 pheasant on wheels - Introduction Kyushu


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Ontayaki 小鹿田焼 Onta ware, Onta pottery
created in the mountain village of Sarayama



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Onta Kilns 小鹿田焼 / おんたやきOntayaki - (Ondayaki)
... Onta Village is one of the most unique places to discover in all of Japan - and that's not just in terms of its ceramics.
Administratively, Onta is part of Hita City in central Northern Kyushu, right on the Oita side of the Fukuoka - Oita prefectural border.
Hita itself is an ancient town with plenty of historic quarters to visit.
- - - - - Onta Village
The first thing you will notice when you walk into the village, are the ancient style water-powered wooden hammers whacking away at piles of yellow clay. The thump-thump- thump of the hammers echoes through the entire valley, providing a unique soundtrack to your walk. Every house in the village is close to the river flowing through it and they all use the power provided by the water to get their clay powdered - the base of their ceramics.
The principle of the hammers
dates back centuries at least: the wooden beam that carries the hammer has a large hollow carved in. That hollow fills with water, the weight of the water raising the hammer. After a few seconds, the beam is raised by that weight so high up that the water flows out - which lets the hammer whack down. The procedure repeats, repeats and repeats. You can see that some of the beams already have noticeable cracks in them - they will be replaced soon.
The village
consists of ten families, all with their large houses and all with their own kilns.
All pottery here is produced in ancient ways. The water-powered hammers prepare the clay. The clay is then watered by hand and readied for the potter's wheel where the shapes of the plates, cups and bowls are formed by hand while the wheel is driven by the potters' feet. The typical Ontayaki patters are impressed on the ware manually with combs, brushes or irons.
Weather permitting,
the wares are then dried on boards outside the houses before they go into the wood-fired kilns for burning and glazing. No modern machinery is used in the production process at all. All wares are manufactured exactly the way they were when the village was set up 300 years ago.
This, of course,
has been only possible by maintaining a social structure of the most conservative kind. One young woman encountered at a visit to Onta relayed that she had grown up in a modern metropolitan area. She fell in love with an Onta boy and they married. That was the end of going to clubs and bars. She had to become a real potter's wife, spending all her waking hours on the family pottery work. She grew to enjoy that way of living, she said, though she admitted that it was tough in the beginning.
Every family pottery has its own store.
Most likely you will have to go look and find someone of the family and interrupt them in doing some other work to serve you.
- -- - - Onta Ware
Onta Ware is heavy-duty ceramic for daily use. Most of it is basic kitchenware like plates, bowls and tea cups but also vases and traditional drink pitchers. It's beautiful and every piece is handmade and unique.
- source : Johannes Schonherr -
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urushi日田漆 laquerware from Hita
Made from the wood of the Hita cedar trees.


相澤漆器 Aizawa laquer shop - Daruma




蒔絵盃

- Look at more photos : 日田のお雛様
- source : 田中秀子 -

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

. - Yamawaro, Yama-Waro やまわろ / ヤマワロ / 山童
"Child of the Mountain" - .
- - - - - and his alter ego
Kappa　河童 "Child of the River"
Yamawaro is a mixture of man and monkey.

yamawaroo 山童 ヤマワロ，yajin 野人
むかし豊後国日田の伏木村で、ある親が泣き止まない子を家から出していたら、声が次第に山の方へ消え入り、子が行方不明になった。１０年ほど後に日田に住む小一という者が日向の梓越嶺を歩行中、満身に毛が生えた２～３ｍの動物と遭遇した。それは人語を話し、我は伏木で行方不明となった子で、今はある者に仕えて数山の主となっていると告げて別れた。これは山童・野人の類である。

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daija no hone 大蛇の骨
筑前国の佐田村に流れる谷川の中に、大蛇の骨が発見された。嘉永６年（１８５３）に豊後国日田の松原という里で現れた、約１０ｍの大蛇よりも一層大きく、昨年の大地震で圧死したのであろう。長年日田近辺で大蛇を探していた山田兄弟がその骨を買い、図を作って送ってよこした。


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前津江村 Maetsue village

貧しい身なりの旅僧（弘法大師）が，芋や大根を洗ったり洗濯をしている老婆にそれらを所望したが，断わったり，洗わない芋を与えたので，その川の水が無くなった。


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Hita city, 渡里 Watari

oni 鬼 a demon
筆者の郷里に渡里という場所がある。土地の古老が言うには、ここは鬼の首を埋めた場所だという。ただし筆者によれば、これは賊の事を指しているのだろう。

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- source : nichibun yokai database -

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- - - - - H A I K U - - - - -

日田杉のずんと高むや秋の空
Hita sugi no zun to takamu ya aki no sora

it looks even higher
above the Hita cedars -
this autumn sky

Takazawa Ryooichi 高澤良一 Takazawa Ryoichi




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日田杉の身に入む山に泊りけり
鈴木しげを

日田杉の鉾をそろへて山始
岩崎照子

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. Join the MINGEI group on facebook ! .  


. Regional Folk Toys from Japan .

. Japan - Shrines and Temples .


. Tohoku after the BIG earthquake March 11, 2011

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- - - #hitatenryo #hitaoita - - - - -
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tansu chest of drawers

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Artisans and craftsmen in Edo 江戸の職人 .
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tansu 箪笥 / 簞笥 -- たんす chest of drawers, Kommode
Tansu Storage Chest, cabinet
sashimono 指物 joinery and furniture



Tansu: Traditional Japanese Cabinetry
Ty Heineken, Kiyoko Heineken - 2004
- to read online : books.google.co.jp -

The Japanese and English wikipedia features most of the items of this book.
- quote -
Tansu is the traditional mobile storage cabinetry indigenous to Japan. Tansu was first recorded in the Genroku era of the Edo Period (1688–1704). The two characters, TAN and SU, appear to have initially represented objects with separate functions: the storage of food and the carrying of firewood. Since the radical for bamboo appears in each of these characters, it may be conjectured that wood was not as yet used.

During the time period in which tansu gradually became a feature of Japanese culture and daily life, 1657–1923, both hard and softwoods were used by Tansuya (tansu craftsmen), often in practical combination for a single chest.
Woods commonly used in tansu included Keyaki (elm), Kuri (chestnut), Ezo matsu (pine), Sugi (cedar), Kiri (paulownia) and Hinoki (cypress).

Many collectors focus on finding genuine antique Tansu. There are few workshops producing Tansu in imitation of the classic antiques due to the high cost of materials and the very low prices of secondhand Tansu. Larger chests are sometimes reduced in size, particularly Futon chests, Step chests and other chests with deep drawers . Some reproduction Tansu have been reproduced in Korea using Keyaki veneer.

Thanks to the wikipedia - I will just add a list of special terms
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

. keyaki 欅 伝説 Legends about the Zelkova tree .

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CLICK for more photos !

だるま箪笥 /ダルマ戸棚 Daruma Tansu

So called because they were used to decorate Daruma figures in them.
OR
Because the top and bottom chest have a tapering thin part (くびれ kubire) in the middle.

発祥としてダルマを飾るため、または職人がダルマを作る過程で使った戸棚という説と、戸棚の形が上下にくびれているため外観がダルマに似ているからという説がある.
- source : tochigiji.or.jp -

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- - - - - Types of tansu (...dansu in word combinations)
Choba-dansu, choo dansu 帳簞笥 for merchants registry
Ishoo-dansu 衣装簞笥 for Japanese robes
Karakuri-dansu からくり簞笥, karakuri Tansu, difficult to open, with a trick lock
Kusuri-dansu 薬簞笥 - 百味簞笥 apothecary chest, medicine chest
Katana-dansu 刀簞笥 for storing sword blades
Kaidan-dansu 階段箪笥 Kaidan tansu, step chest
Konrei-dansu 婚礼簞笥 wedding chest
Kuruma-dansu 車簞笥 chest with wheels
Nagamochi Kuruma-dansu - coffers on wheels
Ryobiraki Kasane-dansu - chest on chest tansu
Seiri-dansu 整理簞笥 to organize robes

- - - - - Meiji Period - Regional Diversification
Hikone Mizuya-dansu - Kitchen cabinet
Kuruma Choba-dansu
Kyoto Isho-dansu
. Sado Shima-dansu 佐渡島　Tansu from Sado Island .
Sakai Choba-dansu
Sendai Isho-dansu
Yonezawa Isho-dansu

Funa-dansu, Funadansu ship’s chests
- - - Cho-bako- accounting and writing related materials
Dezura hikidashi
Hiki-do
Kendon-buta 倹飩蓋 drop-fit door
Kobiraki-do
Ryobiraki-do
Zuri-do
- - - Hangai
- - - Kakesuzuri

- - - - - Types of hardware kanagu
Bo : Vertical locking bar
Choban : Hinge
Herikanagu
Hikite : Drawer pull
Kasugai
Meita
Mochiokuri
Obikanagu
Omotejo : A single-action lock
Sao-toshi
Sashikomijo
Sumikanagu
Urajo : A double-action lock
Zagane / Toshi-zagane



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- quote -
Karakuri tansu (Karakuri Chest)
is a traditional Japanese craft which has been rediscovered in modern times. The chest of drawers (tansu in Japanese) might look like ordinary Japanese furniture. However, you will be astonished to see what it can do. Put something inside the drawer. Once you close the drawer, the item will disappear as if by magic. It has a trick drawer that turns 180 degrees around, too! The purpose of both tricks is security, to keep valuables safe. Nevertheless, you still feel the touch of Japanese beauty.

It took enormous amounts of time and effort to develop and manufacture these chests. Teruaki Nakashima, the inventor of karakuri tansu, liked playing with machines and thinking up new mechanical devices even as a child. It is said that he was influenced by Hisashige Tanaka, the founder of the Tanaka factory which later became Toshiba Corporation. Nakashima began studying karakuri and drawing his own sketches. By devoting his profound knowledge to karakuri, he invented many new tricks.
Karakuri tansu resulted from the fusion of Nakashima's profound knowledge of karakuri, the magnificent furniture production legacy of Fukuoka Prefecture, and the funa-dansu - a chest for keeping valuables on board ship, which was a crystallization of Edo-Period knowledge and craft.

Nakashima created the karakuri tansu based on an adaptation of the funa-tansu. Needless to say, it wasn't easy, because most of the precise and delicate operation had to be done by hand.



Security Chest!
Now we can experience traditional craftsmanship just as it used to be, with karakuri tansu. It uses a classic technique of timbering, tsutsumi-ari (a sturdy method that joins the side board of drawers to the front) and a stunning processing method (repeating polish, coating and drying) which takes advantage of the beautiful wooden texture. As for the exterior, it has metal fittings with exquisite decorations which contribute to a strong structure, and the smooth and elegant texture of zelkova trees can be seen on the surface. The interior uses paulownia wood, an excellent choice. Finally, it includes a high security system and playful touches, making it ideal for practical use. Since the chest is all handmade, it takes two months to complete construction.

A great fusion of culture, knowledge, and traditional techniques occurred to bring us the karakuri tansu we have today. Their tasteful style and elegance captivates people all over the world. From all over Asia to Germany, the Netherlands and Russia, karakuri tansu are highly regarded for security, and appreciated for their beauty. - source : karakuriya.com/english -

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kaidan-dansu 階段箪笥 Kaidan tansu, step chest, step cabinet
staircase chest
hakokaidan 箱階段 "staircase made of boxes" / 階段タンス



They were practical in town houses as a staircase to the upper rooms, with the function to store things in the "step boxes". Since they are usually propped up against a wall, there a no double-sided Kaidan-dansu.
- reference -

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Traditional Japanese Chests: A Definitive Guide
by Kazuko Koizumi and Gavin Frew

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tansuya 箪笥屋 Tansu maker in Edo
sashimonoshi, sashimono shi 指物師
"Sashimono" is a term derived from the traditional practice of using a woodwork ruler (or a "monosashi" in Japanese) to carefully measure timber materials in order to create box-shaped items of furniture, such being equipped with precise-fitting lids and drawers.

. Edo Sashimono 江戸指物 Wood Joinery Furniture - Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

In the early Edo period Tansu were also called
kosodebitsu　小袖櫃　(hitsu 櫃 is a wooden container)
or spelled with the Chinese characters for zushi　厨子. (Now the term zushi is used for Buddhist tabernacles.)
The early Tansu had only hikidashi 引き出し drawers and no hikido 引き戸 sliding doors.
Many townspeople in Edo did not have enough robes to fill a Tansu, just a few to wrap in a Furoshiki or a koori 行李 small woven luggage box.

The Tansu from Edo were quite simple and had to be cheap. They often burned in the many fires and had to be replaced often. Many Tansu were made of the light kiri　桐　paulownia wood.

To make a Tansu there was the craftsan for the wood work, but also one to make the metal fittings and another one to make the special nails to hold it all together.

kajiya 鍛冶屋 blacksmith
kugi kajiya 釘鍛冶屋 special blacksmith for nails

- - - - - In Edo, the Kajiya lived in
. Chiyoda Kanda Kajichoo, Kajimachi 千代田区 神田 鍛冶町 .
Kajiyamachi 神田鍛冶屋町 in Kanda


. kajiya 鍛冶屋 blacksmith in all seasons .
takadono tatara 高殿鑪, fuigo bellows and more


. Kyo sashimono 京指物 Kyoto joinery and furniture .

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- ABC - List of Tansu from the Prefectures

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. . . . . . . . . . Fukui

Echizen tansu 越前箪笥 chests from Echizen



- quote -
Echizen Traditional Tansu Craft
First recorded in the Genroku era of the Edo period, tansu is the traditional mobile storage cabinetry that is indigenous to Japan. Tansuyas (tansu craftsmen) would utilise both hard and softwoods to fashion these amazing cabinets. Antique tansus are highly prized by collectors, and can be worth an astronomical price. Due to that, many tansu workshops produce imitation pieces of antiques, using the same kind of wood and metallic fittings, giving it that aged look, and the only way to be able to tell them apart is through careful documentation and and personal physical examination by scholars.

Echizen city is famous for its tansu history, and I got the opportunity to visit an expert in the preservation and refurbishment of antique tansus, Mr Naito Yoshio. A collector of many tansu pieces around Echizen city and in Japan, Mr Yoshio's shop houses a huge collection of these cabinets, ranging from pieces which are used as a wardrobe, one for storing kimonos and even one particular piece which was both a climbing apparatus and a storage unit at the same time! Mr Yoshio also explained that one of the ways to tell whether a tansu was made in Echizen city was to look at its metallic fittings, and Echizen city's signature has two hearts facing sideways on it. His impressive collection of many antique cabinets all had it, and due to its long history, most of his collection are now worth a fortune.
- - - snip - - -
The last stop of the day was visiting a tansu factory, where a tansuya was making a Kuruma Choba-dansu (chest on wheels), once a status symbol of merchant families during the Meiji period, for a customer. The tansuya explained that a person in his occupation must have at least 10 years of experience in crafting a tansu for a customer to have confidence in his abilities. This only goes to show the dedication of the Japanese to their craft, and it'll be a long time before I can afford to own a piece of Echizen's cultural craftsmanship.
- source : en.japantravel.com Jerome Lee -


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. . . . . . . . . . Iwate

Iwayadoo tansu 岩谷堂箪笥 Tansu from Iwayado



- quote -
he history of the famous IWAYADO furniture dates back to the age of the Fujiwara family, a family which had signified the cultural and political character of Japanese heritage in the 1100's. One of the rulers among the Fujiwara family, Kiyohira, encouraged his people to develop the industry of handicrafts. The main products at that time were trunks (Nagamochi, in Japanese), not quite the same as today's drawers or chests.

In the feudal age in Japan, Lord Muramasa Iwaki, the ruler of the Iwayado area decided to inspire the manufacturing industry for the advancing economic structure which had previously been dependend on rice-centered agriculture. He ordered a member of his staff, Mozaemon Mishina, to create a new style of drawers with casters and fine furnishing with lacquer painting and metal ornaments in the 1780's. Two craftsmen, Kihei and Daikichi mastered iron work in order to realize this goal. The most valuable contribution to the development of Iwayado furniture was the creation of elaborately engraved metal fittings by Tokubei in the 1820's. As these arts and skills became a good tradition among the craftsmen, Iwayado furniture production became more widespread.

Read the details of the homepage:
- source : iwayado-tansu.jp -


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. . . . . . . . . . Miyagi

Sendai tansu 仙台箪笥 Tansu from Sendai



- quote -
Sendai tansu chests were devised for samurai about 400 years ago. They are made of firm zelkova wood with ornamental iron metals and finished with kijiro-nuri, a lacquer coating to enhance the grains of the wood.
- source : sentabi.jp/en -

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. . . . . . . . . . Yamagata

Sakata funa-dansu, Sakata fune tansu 坂田船箪笥 / 舟箪笥 ship chest from Sakata



They are made of keyaki　欅 zelkova wood outside and kiri paolownia inside.
The doors are of the kendon type 倹飩蓋 (drop-fit door). The lock plates are made of iron.

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Shoonaidansu, Shōnai tansu 庄内箪笥 chest from Shonai
The black laquer Tansu 黒漆 from the Shonai region are most famous.
Shonai kasane kiritansu
- (photo see below).

Mostly made from sugi 杉 cedar wood outside and kiri paulownia inside.
The metal parts are made from copper or iron.



Handles made in the warabite　蕨手 (warabi-te) style, named after the mountain fern warabi.

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Yamagata sashimono 山形指物　cabinetry form Yamagata city



Modern chest of drawers from Yamagata

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Yonezawa tansu 米沢箪笥　chest of drawers from Yonezawa



Yonezawa Isho-dansu
Tucked remotely into the snowy mountains of the Tohoku region, the castle town of Yonezawa developed a chest on chest style for clothing storage strongly influenced by the refined lacquer finishing techniques of the Mikune area of the Japan Sea coast.
The distinctive five petal cherry blossom with an arabesque of ivy engraved lock plate motif and the placement of the kobirakido (hinged door compartment) in the top chest rather than the lower, help to distinguish Yonezawa provenance.
- (wikipedia) -


. Yamagata imono　山形鋳物 ironware, cast iron, metal art .

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Japanese Cabinetry: The Art & Craft of Tansu
David Jackson

. Reference .


- - - #tansu #chestofdrawers - - - - -
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- - - - - Haiku and Senryu　俳句　川柳　- - - - -

chadansu 茶箪笥 chest for tea ceremony utensils



啓蟄の茶箪笥の戸の半開き 佐々木六戈 百韻反故
茶箪笥へ射す日が折れて春立ちぬ 菖蒲あや
茶箪笥や椿の枝の活けてある 長谷川櫂 Hasegawa Kai
蓮見茶屋箪笥の鐶に手紙さし 星野立子 Hoshino Tatsuko

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funadansu 船箪笥 / 舟箪笥 ship's chest



あいの風酒田旧家に船箪笥 詫摩まつ子
お年玉船箪笥より取りいだす 林佑子
亀巣忌や潮錆び古ぶ船箪笥 神尾うしほ
春愁や船霊抜けし船箪笥 磯貝碧蹄館
貝寄風や祖父の匂ひの船箪笥 脇本千鶴子

しぐれ来て鉄の匂ひの舟箪笥 脇本千鶴子
水夫町や晩菊と照る舟箪笥 野沢節子
炉ふさぎの商家に残る舟箪笥 新家ひで子
繭玉の影ゆらゆらと舟箪笥 加藤三七子

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furudansu 古箪笥 "old chest"



元日や啓吉も世に古箪笥 芥川龍之介
残暑めく夜の古箪笥きしみ入り 横光利一
青北風に据ゑてくらしの古箪笥 稲垣きくの

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hinadansu 雛箪笥 chest to store the Hina dolls



二棹はほしき雛の箪笥かな 後藤比奈夫
小箪笥に雛ぽちとある叔母訪ヘり 久米正雄
裏店(うらだな)や箪笥の上の雛まつり 高井几菫
豆雛が箪笥の上に忘られて 臼田亞浪
雛壇の箪笥を開けて衣装なし 南上加代子
雛箪笥あくやふくらみでる縮緬 澁谷道


. hina matsuri 雛祭り Hina doll festival .
March 3 (the double three date)

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ishoodansu, ishô-dansu 　衣装簞笥　chest for Japanese robes



入れかへて箪笥ゆるやか夏衣 小原寿女
去年今年箪笥にあまる形見の衣 詫摩まつ子
涅槃衣も衣箪笥や虫払 喜谷六花
秋蛍母の箪笥よりわが産衣 奥磯照子

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obidansu, obi tansu 帯箪笥 chest for Obi belts



帯箪笥はみ出て長き春の帯 長谷川かな女

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katanadansu 刀箪笥 -- 刀簞笥 chest for sword blades



刀箪笥掛物箪笥五月闇
中戸川朝人

. katana 日本刀 the Japanese Sword .

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kiridansu, kiri tansu 桐箪笥 chest from paulownia wood
They were especially light and watertight in the rainy season.
This one has many low chests for ladie's kimonos. They are part of a woman’s dowry and are passed on in the family.
The town of Kamo in Niigata is a famous center for kiri tansu.

. kiri 桐 paulowna wood art .




うすものや共に古びし桐箪笥
usumono ya tomo ni furubishi kiritansu

my thin robes -
the paulownia chest is getting old
with them

Mori Takeko 森たけ子


. usumono 羅 うすもの thin robes for summer .

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へその緒は母の箪笥に桐の花
heso no o wa haha no tansu ni kiri no hana

my umbilical cord
in the chest of my mother -
paulownia blossoms

Sakamoto Kyoko 坂本杏子


. kotobukibako へその緒寿箱 box for the umbilical cord .

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桐箪笥奥にひらけし芒原 坂本宮尾
桐箪笥野晒しのごと家にあり 宇田蓋男

うすらひや桐の匂はぬ桐箪笥 神尾久美子
余花の雨琴糸収む桐箪笥 内山美智子
母の背の若く涼しき桐箪笥 猪俣千代子
玉虫もたたうも古りぬ桐箪笥 小林宏
青鬼灯母の詰まりし桐箪笥 清水山菜子


. kiri 桐 paolownia .
kigo for various seasons

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kurodansu, kuro tansu 黒箪笥 black chest



母ならむ鶴引く頃の黒箪笥 栗林千津
雨はげし花冷えはげし黒箪笥 柴田白葉女

The black laquer Tansu from the Shōnai 庄内 Shonai region of Yamagata are most famous.
庄内箪笥 黒漆, see above.

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wadansu 和箪笥 "Japanese chest of drawers"



和箪笥に傷を見つけし風邪寝かな 木村光代
和箪笥の何段目かな癌細胞 土田武人
和箪笥の軽き軋みや更衣 横田澄江

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yakudansu, kusuridansu 薬箪笥 chest for Chinese medicine



古民家の薬箪笥や小鳥来る 渡辺光江
梅雨晴間薬草箪笥に残りし香 濱田未過去
百千鳥薬種箪笥に岩絵具 甲士三郎
薬箪笥の薬匂へり小六月 松本 旭
黐の花に薬箪笥をならべけり 長谷川かな女


. Kanpoyaku 漢方薬 Chinese Medicine .

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畳替すみたる箪笥据わりけり
久保田万太郎 Kubota Mantaro

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春立つやぶらり牛込箪笥町 Ushigome Tansumachi
赤瀬川昌彦

. Ushigome 牛込 .

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しまい込む箪笥預金や梅の日々 高澤良一
竜淵に潜む箪笥のナフタリン 高澤良一


箪笥からはみだす姉のはらわたも春 西川徹郎
箪笥から汽罐車一語発したり 大沢輝一
箪笥のなか掻き回したる冬支度 油井和子
箪笥より樟の木つ端や夏期賞与 鈴木恵美子「
箪笥憂し服に外套にわが歴史 林翔 和紙
箪笥運び入れたるあとの冬木立 友岡子郷

ぼろ市の路をせばめし箪笥かな 植木美枝子
一つある箪笥の齢庵の秋 島村元句集
三十年の箪笥軋める冬銀河 鍵和田[ゆう]子
梯子箪笥きしませ上る雲の峰 鍵和田[ゆう]子
下駄買うて箪笥の上や年の暮 荷風
久々に母の箪笥に虹が立ち 渡辺誠一郎
冷まじや箪笥に納む明治の緋 相澤いさを
千鳥鳴くやかほどの華奢も箪笥鍵 久米正雄
在りし日の箪笥の闇も享けしかな 河原珠美
子へ贈る本が箪笥に聖夜待つ 大島民郎
巴里の香水箪笥に仕舞ふ薄暑かな 及川貞
底深き箪笥覗かる蟷螂に 石川文子
懸想文箪笥にしまひ置くことに 福井圭児
把手大き祖母の箪笥や午祭 古賀まり子
新涼の母の箪笥に男帯 大木あまり 火球

春の灯や一つ上向く箪笥鐶 風生
春ソウル箪笥の中のテレビジヨン 夏石番矢
春暁をさめて箪笥のもとにかな 太田鴻村
春蘭は箪笥を閉めるやうにあり 中井洋子
桜貝箪笥の隅に眠りをり 船津つねを
猪鍋や箪笥の上に物を積み 山西雅子
獅子座流星箪笥にたまる宇宙塵 安西篤

玉蟲や妹が箪笥の二重 村上鬼城
玉虫や妹が箪笥の二重 村上鬼城
玉虫や野良着ばかりの我が箪笥 塩見蛙子
白足袋を箪笥が銜へゐる寒さ 鈴木鷹夫
盆過の箪笥の影に坐りけり 永島靖子

簟歩けば箪笥ことことと 千原 叡子
経箪笥きざはしびらきお風入 大橋敦子
緋縮緬噛み出す箪笥とはの秋 三橋敏雄
縄を綯ふ箪笥ま黒き奥座敷 佐川広治
臍の緒を箪笥に守り曼珠沙華 佐々木六戈
色鳥やひとつ箪笥に妻のもの 石田勝彦
花冷や瞽女の箪笥のしるし紐 西本一都
花冷や箪笥の底の男帯 鈴木真砂女
蓬莱や京に古りける菓子箪笥 多賀子
蚊を焼くや箪笥の上の寝ぬ人形 月舟俳句集
蠅とんでくるや箪笥の角よけて 京極杞陽
被爆箪笥買ひ替へよとや亀の鳴く 朝倉和江

車箪笥や人はうごいて飛騨を去る 津沢マサ子
近江へは花見箪笥を背負ひゆかな 藤田あけ烏
野の家の箪笥見えてる稲の秋 臼田亜浪 旅人
銃箪笥てふ古きもの狩の宿 依田秋葭
鍵穴が箪笥に三つ春の蝉 寺井谷子
雪女来る頃ぎしと鳴る箪笥 有馬朗人
風鈴に尾をつけ箪笥に風入るる 菖蒲あや
餅筵箪笥の裾につかえけり 吉屋信子
麦秋や箪笥に眠る日章旗 片岡啓子
ネクタイ吊るタンスの中も秋の空気 高橋信之
- source : HAIKUreikuDB -

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. tansu 箪笥 / 簞笥 と伝説 Legends about chest of drawers .


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. Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. gangu 玩具　伝説, omochcha おもちゃ 　toy, toys and legends .
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. Regional Folk Toys from Japan .

. Japan - Shrines and Temples .


. Tohoku after the BIG earthquake March 11, 2011

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