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Showing posts sorted by relevance for query hatobue. Sort by date Show all posts
Showing posts sorted by relevance for query hatobue. Sort by date Show all posts

6/28/2011

ningyoobue hatobue

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Doll Flutes 人形笛 ningyoobue、ningyoo no fue, ningyobue

fue ningyoo 笛人形

tsuchibue, tsuchi fue 土笛 clay flute

These are little clay dolls or pottery dolls in the form of dolls or legendary figures. There is quite a large repertoir of these dolls.

They are given to children as a talisman for good health.


They have a little mouthpiece at the back and make a simple sound

boo, boo, boo . . .

There are also flutes of this kind with animals, especially the 12 zodiac animals. The most famous is the
hatobue はと笛 / 鳩笛  pidgeon whistle, dove flute
see below

. Ozaki no ningyobue 尾崎の人形笛 flute in human form . Fukuoka

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Shitakawara yaki Tsuchiningyoo 下川原焼土人形
clay dolls from Shitakawara village

in Aomori, Hirosaki 弘前  town.

quote
These dolls appeared in 1810, when Tsugaru Yasuchika, the 9th lord of the Hirosaki domain, invited a potter Takaya Kinzo from the Chikuzen region of Kyushu. A kiln was then prepared for him at Shitakawara, where he produced daily necessities. As it snowed heavily in winter, potters could not make pottery during this time. Then Kinzo created earthenware dolls when he had no work to do, hence the beginning of the earthenware dolls in Shitakawara.



In the making of this doll, red earth and sand are mixed together to form clay, which is put into a plaster to shape the doll. It is then fired at high temperature for several hours, and then painted to create the finished design. Shitakawara dolls features
three colors of yellow, purple and red, which are applied on the pure white base color.
The pigeon whistles and the dolls of zodiac figurines, warriors and Manekineko (Lucky Cats) are famous. All are made in the traditional hand-making techniques that have been handed down for a long time.
source : nippon-kichi

. yurayura hatobue ゆらゆら鳩笛 .
Made by Abo san 阿保正志.

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Another kiln to make them is

Abo Masashi 阿保正志
青森県弘前市大字新里字上樋田

quote
A great page for figure flutes

Shitakawara Tsuchiningyoo 下川原焼土人形




盃・傘女・筆持ち・ 子守り・犬斜め・犬たて / 獅子舞・蛸・俵・纏い
source : tesigotosenka blog


. menbue, men no fue 面笛 masks as clay whistles .
from Aomori

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Daruma and the Doll Flute
弘前人形笛達磨



Copyright(C) 2004 大阪府立中之島図書館 
All rights reserved.


source : ningyodo.library.pref.osaka.jp


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. . . CLICK here for Photos !

. Reference .


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There is also a book of female haiku writers, called

Ningyoobue 人形笛 (1982年) Doll Flute
(現代俳句女流シリーズ)


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hatobue 鳩笛 pidgeon whistle, pidgeon flute

It sounds a bit like an Okarina, with a simple sound like
fuu fuu, poo poo

These toys are made in many parts of Japan. They are enjoyed by small children, who can blow these whistles endlessly.

As a talisman, it helps prevent damage to the harvest crops by insects.
It is also a protector of small children to stop them from choking.

In all shrinesd dedicated to Hachiman the doves are kept as sacred animals messengers of the deity.

. The Hachiman cult of Japan 八幡神社 .

It the town of Agano, Niigata, there are dove whistles made by the Yamaguchi family.



The clay body is painted white with gofun 胡粉 whitewash, and colored in red, blue and orange. Some have a blue had, some a white one.

. Yamaguchi clay toy 山口人形 .

Niigata, Agano city. Mizuhara village 新潟県阿賀野市水原


. cooing like a pigeon, hatobue 鳩笛 .
dove, pidgeon as KIGO


. Kagoshima Jingu 鹿児島神宮 Kagoshima Shrine .
with an old pidgeon whistle


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Tsuruoka Hachimangu no hatobue 鶴岡八幡宮の鳩笛
... pidgeon whistle from shrine Hachimangu


. Kanagawa Folk Art - 神奈川県 .

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鳩笛 テテップウ Teteppuu、

. Saga Folk Art -  佐賀県  .

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shirako hatobue しらこ鳩笛 / 白子鳩笛 white pidgeon flute

. Saitama Folk Art - 埼玉県 .

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source : popeye.sakura.ne.jp/tochigi...

Sano hatobue 佐野鳩笛 dove flute from Sano city
Tochigi

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hatobue from Toyohashi 愛知県豊橋市 Aichi

. Hatobue . . in this BLOG .


tsuchi no fue 土の笛 all kinds of clay flutes - reference
- source : kyoudogangu.xii.jp -

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吹いて見せて児に吹けるのは鳩の笛
fuite misete ko ni fukeru no wa hato no fue

I blow to show it
and let my child blow it -
this pidgeon whistle


. Ogiwara Seisensui (荻原井泉水) .

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夕けぶり鳩吹人にかかりけり
yuu keburi hato fuku hito ni kakari keri

evening smoke--
on the man playing pigeon flute
it hangs

Tr. David Lanoue

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evening smoke covers
a hunter hand-whistling
low cooing sounds

Tr. Chris Drake

This grimly humorous hokku is from the 24th of the 9th month (Nov. 1) in 1809, when Issa was traveling around to see poets living near his hometown. The note in the first volume of Issa's complete works (p. 513) and numerous Japanese dictionaries and works on haikai point out that hato-fuku means to cup your palms together and blow into the small opening between your thumbs so as to make sounds that resemble the cooing of doves and pigeons.

Traditionally mountain people in Japan practiced hand-whistling to help them communicate, and hunters used hand-whistling not only to fool doves and other birds but also, more commonly, to signal each other in complex ways while they were tracking deer and other animals. In this hokku some hunters seem to have been cooking supper or perhaps are keeping warm around a fire, but the wind shifts, and smoke from the fire blows over and envelops one hunter who is busy hand-whistling dove calls, perhaps sending a coded message to some comrades out in the dark. Inhaled smoke causes the hunter to make sounds very different from any sounds ever made by a dove. Issa presumably sees this as karmic justice.

There are some valuable hand-whistling tutorials on Youtube. It can be rather complex at the highest level and difficult to master. In Issa's time most children played instead with small painted clay flutes in the shape of pigeons/doves that made sounds resembling cooing, among other sounds. The sounds made by human hands and by clay instruments are different, however, and the two need to be clearly distinguished. Gabi has up some nice pictures of these clay toy flutes and charm flutes.

Chris Drake

. WKD : Kobayashi Issa 小林一茶 in Edo .


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. tsurushibina つるし雛 / 吊るし雛 small hanging hina dolls .



The dove as the messenger of God Hachiman. It is added with the wish for the child to grow up happily.




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. Japan after the BIG earthquake March 11, 2011 .


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- #hatobue #dovewhistle #pidgeonwhistle -
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8/05/2012

Kagoshima Shrine

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Kagoshima Jingu 鹿児島神宮 Kagoshima Shrine

Hayato-cho Uchi, Kirishima. 隼人町, 霧島市



Look at more photos :
source : kagoshima/hayato

another name is

Oosumu sei hachimangu 大隅正八幡宮

This shrine is said to have been build by the first emperor
. Jinmu Tenno 神武天皇 .

The Daimyo of the Shimizu clan took care of the shrine.
There is also a huge camphor tree in the precincts, maybe more than 800 years old, as a sacred tree where the deities reside.

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Deities in residence

. Hoori 火遠理命 hoori no mikoto .
Hiko hohodemi no mikoto 彦火火出見尊
Yamasachihiko (山幸彦)

. Toyotama Hime 豊玉姫 .

. Empress Jingu Kogo 神功皇后 .
Emperor Chuai
Emperor Ojin


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Old toys from the shrine

The most important and well loved

. taiguruma 鯛車 sea bream on wheels .
It dates back to the legend of Umi no Sachihiko and Yama no Sachihiko. Yama no Sachihiko came down to the ocean and pulled a fishhook out of the mouth of a sea bream.
On the 10th of March there used to be a special festival in memory of this day.




Toys of modern times

fue daiko 笛太鼓 flute with a drum
hagoita 羽子板 battledore
hajiki saru はじき猿 "flicking monkey"
keshoobako 化粧箱 cosmetic box

take katana 竹刀 bamboo sword
yumiya 弓矢 bow and arrow

The wooden cosmetic box is made without any nails, and only held by strong paper.
It is said to be the box of princess Toyotama Hime, when she got married.

shitataki tarojo シタタキ タロジョ
or したたきたろじゃ
This is the child's expression for the bird
kibitaki 黄鶲 narcissus flycatcher
Ficedula narcissina.
. WKD : Narcissus flycatcher, kibitaki 黄鶲 (きびたき) .

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Old samples of these toys


with an old ponpachi ポンパチ / 初鼓
amulet drum for the first day of the horse
Made from strong paper and soy beans on a string to produce the sound "pon pon" when you flipped the stick.




It is a small drum, that was fixed to the legs of a horse, which was also decorated with a bell and a five-colored cloth (鈴懸馬 suzukake uma) and paraded in the town.
On this festive day, now a Sunday nearby, many stalls can be found near the shrine and modern versions of this toy drum are sold again.



source : h_murataya


The first day of the horse (hatsu uma 初午祭り) is a very important festival at the Kagoshima shrine.
Horses of nearby villages are trained for the situation, to walk or "dance" on the road to the shrine among the noise of all the visitors. It takes about a month to train a horse properly.
The first horse in the procession is the most important, often coming from Kida 木田 village.
With the ageing of the villagers, it becomes more and more difficult to find horse trainers.






. Denden Daiko でんでん太鼓 toy drum .

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dorei 土鈴 clay bell
hatobue 鳩笛 pidgeon whistle



. hatobue はと笛 / 鳩笛  pidgeon whistle, dove flute .






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鹿児島神宮の諸玩具
source : www.asahi-net.or.jp


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. Regional Folk Toys from Japan - Kagoshima .

. Kirishima Shrine 霧島神宮 .
in Kagoshima


. Tohoku after the BIG earthquake March 11, 2011

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7/01/2011

. Aomori Folk Toys

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Aomori Folk Art - 青森県 

The capital of the prefecture is Aomori.
Hirosaki is famous for the cherryblossoms in the castle park.
Two peninsulas, Tsugaru and Shimokita, are placed around the bay of Mutsu.

Part of Aomori was the former domain of Nanbu 南部 Nambu.

One of the great summer events in Tohoku is the
. ねぶた祭り  Nebuta Festival .
It also comes with its toy many versions.

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Aomori ningyoo 青森人形 / 土人形 clay dolls from Aomori



namazu nori no saru なまず乗り猿 monkey riding a catfish
and the other animals of the zodiac.
The dolls are twisted by hand 手捻り, so each one is an original and usually with a touch of humour.
Made by 福原英治郎 Fukuhara Eijiro, but since his death they are not made any more.


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enburi ningyooえんぶり人形 Enburi dance dolls
enburi no eboshi えんぶりの烏帽子 hat for Enburi dance
. Enburi Dance えぶり 柄振り - Introduction
February 17 - Hachinone 八戸


. Hachiman koma 八幡駒 Horse toys of Aomori
Sarunori Hachiman koma 猿乗り八幡駒 Monkey on a horse
Nanbu koma odori 南部駒踊り Dancing Horses / Hachinone 八戸
Hirosaki umakko 弘前馬コ horses from Hirosaki 弘前


. Hirosaki Daruma 弘前だるま .

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source : upp.so-net.ne.jp/u1cku/gangu5
haneto はねと Haneto dancer "jumping people"

They basically jump two times on the right foot and two times on the left, for about 2 hours during the long parade of the Nebuta festival! This is not a dance, but a jumping performance.
. ねぶた祭り  Nebuta Festival .

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kingyo nebuta 金魚ねぶた goldfish nebuta

Some dancers of the Nebuta festival used to carry them in the hands and made some noise with the little bells.
Now they are just made as souvenirs.
. Nebuta Float Festival in August  ねぶた ねぷた .

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. kogin-zashi こぎん刺し Koginzashi embroidery .

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kukemari くけまり / くけ毬 hand balls
In former times, every home made their own from old pieces of cloth and left-over colorful threads, called kuke ito くけ糸. They are decorated in all kinds of geometrical patterns.
Now the "Old Folks's Club" 老人会 of Hachinohe makes them to remember.
Hachinone 八戸



source : marugoto.exblog.jp

Another hand ball is the
Nanbu himemari 南部姫毬 princess hand ball from Nambu


. temari 手まり、手毬 hand ball - Introduction .


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. Kumiki gangu 組木玩具 wooden puzzle toys .



. mushiokuri ningyoo 虫送り人形 figures "to ward off insects" .
Goshokawara 五所川原市



Nuruyu kokeshi 温湯温泉 こけし wooden dolls from Nuruyu hot spring
. Kokeshi こけし Wooden Dolls - Introduction .




oogi nebuta 扇ねぶた nebuta float like a handfan
Hirosaki 弘前 - miniatures from the Hirosaki Summer festival floats.
The back side could be opened to insert a candle.

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Shimokawara yaki 下川原焼 clay figures from Shimokawara
Hirosaki (Shitakawara yaki (したかわらやき))


source : marugoto.exblog.jp

tsuchi bina, tsuchibina 土雛 dolls for the Hina doll festival, from clay

Many colors are used to make these dolls pleasant, calling in the Spring in Tohoku.
Now made by 高谷信夫 Takaya Nobuo
弘前市桔梗野1-20-8  Hirosaki


. Oniwakamaru 鬼若丸 and the carp .

... hatobue 鳩笛 dove flute ... ningyoo bue 人形笛 doll flute

. menbue, men no fue 面笛 masks as clay whistles .



Shitakawarayaki tsuchiningyoo 下川原焼土人形
Shitakawara Pottery Earthenware Dolls

Tsugaru


source : marugoto.exblog

These simple dolls became the toys of poor children in the region, and were soon traded in many parts of Japan via itinerant vendors.
A present-day maker is Abo san 阿保正志.


He makes yurayura hatobue ゆらゆら鳩笛 among many others .

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kubi ningyo 首人形 head dolls
a kind of anesama elder sister doll to dress up.


. chokin Daruma 下川原の貯金だるま Daruma as piggy bank .
Hirosaki 弘前

. Kubi ningyoo 首人形 head dolls INFO .


. Momoko モモコ kokeshi wooden dolls .
in cooperation with Tsuchiyu Onsen 土湯温泉 Tsuchiyu Hot Spring, Fukushima


. Shimokawara oiran ningyoo 花魁人形 Oiran geisha doll .

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source : aucview.aucfan.com/yahoo...

tebineri ningyoo 手捻り人形 / 手びねり人形 hand-twisted dolls

. uma nori dattan jin 馬乗りダッタン人 Russians on horses .

... ushi nori Tenjin 牛乗り天神 Tenjin on a horse
. hitsuji nori otome 羊に乗る乙女 young woman on a sheep .

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Tsugaru Peninsula
Hirosaki 弘前

Tsugarudako, Tsugaru tako 津軽凧 kites from Tsugaru


CLICK for more colorful samples !

This kite is different from other Japanese kites. It has wooden frame instead of bamboo which is usually used by other kites. The painting of Tsugaru is one of the most decorative and impressive kite in Japan.

. tako 凧 Kites of Japan - Introduction .


. Tsugaru Glas Daruma 津軽のガラスだるま

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Tsugaru Kokeshi 津軽こけし wooden Kokeshi dolls from Tsugaru



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Tsugaru nuri 津軽漆 laquer ware



- quote -
Tsugaru nuri is Aomori prefecture’s one and only historic and economic industry and work of art. Tsugaru is the name of the western part of Aomori prefecture, located at the very northern part of Honshu in Japan. Although lacquer is common to see in every part of Japan as a historical form of art, the ways in which it is manipulated varies depending on the region. There are many different types of techniques for tsugaru nuri, but the first one that catches the eye is “kara nuri”, with its flamboyant and unique design.
“Kara nuri”
is a way in which speckles and checkers are drawn with lacquer on a flat foundation, with a ground color painted on top of the surface. On top of that layer, using sand grindstone or coal, the designs are grinded out, and a glossy lacquer is layered… As you can see, this is a very tedious and complicated procedure. There are other ways in which flower seeds are used in order to make small designs called “nanako nuri”. For all of the techniques, the lacquer is painted on over and over, a process that has remained unchanged for over 300 years. This is why each artwork takes over two months to complete.
Tsugaru nuri
was founded at around the 17th or 18th century. When the Edo period started in 1603, the world was doing well in terms of politics. Then, a law was passed stating that “alternate attendance” was required, and that the feudal lords of each region of the country were to frequently visit Edo. Because of this, people from Kyoto, Osaka, and Edo started to spread to other districts, and local industrialization was encouraged. This is the period that is known to have influenced the beginning of artworks and crafts in Japan. In the case of tsugaru nuri, many artists and craftspeople came from various regions of Japan to the region of its birth to improve their own skills.
Historical items
such as bowls, chopsticks, plates, and tea supplies using tsugaru nuri have long been popular, but recently smart phone cases and accessories made with nuri technique designs can be found as well. This is an extreme blend of the old and new, with modern technology wrapped in designs that have been around since the 17th century. If you want to be unique and carry around something that is a different from others, you must get a hold of one of these items!
- source : japan-brand.jnto.go.jp/crafts...-

. Kokeshi from laquer .

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Daruma, about 11 cm high

Utoubori, utou bori 善知鳥彫 woodcarving from Utou
Aomori (Utou is an old name for Aomori). It is the name of a water bird, rhinoceros auklet,
. . . CLICK here for Photos of the bird!

Wood was cut into three block and then rough woodcarving was done with one knife, with a few colors added later.
Apart from Daruma, there were also Christian priests (bareren) ばてれん, nuns 修道尼 and visitors for the plum blossoms.

. Utou-bori Daruma 善知鳥彫だるま

Utou Jinja 善知鳥神社 Shrine Utou, Aomori
. . . CLICK here for Photos of the shrine !




HP of the shrine
http://www.actv.ne.jp/~utou/

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Yawata uma 八幡馬(やわたうま) Yahata horse

- quote
It seems to be Yahata horse's start that the woodwork masters around in Hachinohe in the southern part of Aomori Prefecture had made horses of wood carving around 700 years ago.
It has strong colors, with a red and black horse as a pair.
Yahata horse's old doll planted genuine horsehair in the hair in the part of the back . . .
- source : folkcraft.samurai47.com


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zugurigoma, zuguri koma ずぐり独楽 spinning tops
Hirosaki 弘前, Kuroishi 黒石市

They are made strong enough to be used in snow country.
ずぐり(づぐり) spinning tops from Aomori
jinguri じんぐり / おわんずぐり / さらずぐり
うちぐりずぐり Aizu
かぶずぐり Aomori
三重さらずぐり Yamagata and Aomori, 温湯
- source : www.wa.commufa.jp/~koma -

. koma 独楽(コマ) spinning top - Introduction .

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. Reference and Photos . Asahi Narumi .
. Reference and Photos . Gangu Guide .

- #aomori #tsugaru #hirosaki -
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. WASHOKU . Regional Dishes from Aomori

MORE
. Aomori Folk Toys - this BLOG .


. Japan after the BIG earthquake March 11, 2011


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12/11/2012

Sano Town Tochigi

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. Tochigi Folk Toys .
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Dolls from Sano Town 佐野 Tochigi

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. Sano dorei 佐野土鈴 clay bells from Sano .
Seven Gods of Good Luck


Sano ramen dorei 佐野ラーメン土鈴 clay bell of a Ramen noodle soup shop in Sano
- quote -
The city of ramen noodles, the classic dish for everyone!
Home to one of Japan’s most famous local ramen noodles, Sano-city is in the south of Tochigi.
Sano Ramen is made with water of the finest quality listed in the 100 best spring waters in Japan, and wheat especially suited for noodle-making. Beaten by a green bamboo stem, these noodles are aerated for good thermal conductivity. As a result, they are cooked in a second and maintain a chewy but smooth texture. The clear broth, having a taste of soy sauce and a rich flavour, is distinctive and never boring for its simplicity. Sano Ramen has admirers of all ages.
- source : travel.tochigiji.or.jp... -


. hakoniwa gangu 箱庭玩具 toys for a landscape garden .


Horigome ningyoo 堀米人形 dolls from Horigome village


source : popyah

umanori shoogun 馬乗り大将 general on a horse

These dolls were made by Yamaguchi Teizoo 山口壬三 Yamaguchi Teizo, who also makes clay dolls.

This is one of the

hassaku ningyoo 八朔人形 Hassaku dolls

given as a present for the first child born in a family.

saku
朔 signifies the first day of each month, and the first day of the eighth lunar month hassaku 八朔 (now August) was the most important one.
People would cut some rice ears and offer them to the gods with the prayer for a good harvest, since the typhoon season was now at its best.

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tanemaki Gonbei 種まき権兵衛 Gonbei sowing seeds


source : popeye.sakura.ne.jp/tochigi...

The local song of a man sowing seeds:
権兵衛が種蒔きゃカラスがほじくる
If Gonbei sows seeds, the crows come and pick them up.




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source : hisamaro

On the right there is Daikoku with his lucky hammer.
On the left - well, there is Ebisu, but holding some "hassagku oranges".
See below.



source : kibidango_mail
dorei 土鈴 clay bells

Momotaro with his monkey, dog and pheasant.

. Okayama and Momotaro 桃太郎 .


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clay bells from Sano



clay bells from Horigome
source : www.asahi-net.or.jp...


. Sano hatobue 佐野鳩笛 dove flute from Sano city .


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. WKD : "August 1" 八朔 (はっさく) hassaku .
Nowadays it corresponds to the first of September in its climate, and thus has become a kigo for mid-autumn.

. Hassaku はっさく (八朔) hassaku orange .
Introduced in the late Edo period via Hiroshima.
hassakukan 八朔柑(はっさくかん)
Rather small but very sweet and a tint of bitterness.
hassaku refers to the old name of the first of August.
Hassaku Apfelsine

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source : mifyu1018

go ishi Daruma dorei 碁石だるま土鈴
clay bells with Daruma as stones for the Go game.

from Aizawa Ichitaro 相澤市太郎, Tochigi

. WKD : Go game, Igo 囲碁 .


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. . . CLICK here for Photos 佐野土鈴 !





. . . CLICK here for Photos "堀米人形" Horigome !



. Reference - Horigome.






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. Tochigi Folk Toys .

. Regional Folk Toys from Japan .


. Tohoku after the BIG earthquake March 11, 2011

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- #sano #sanotochigi #sanoramen
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7/24/2011

Fukura suzume sparrow

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Plump sparrow ふくらすずめ fukura suzume

膨ら雀/脹ら雀/福良雀

fat sparrow

This refers to a sparrow in winter, when it is all fluffed up to keep warm.

The name is a play on the sound of fukura . fuku 福 = good luck.
Toys are made to bring good luck to the people.




Daruma on a plump sparrow

clay doll from Aizu, Nakayugawa hot spring 中湯川土人形, Fukushima

With many more samples of this toy
source : hukurasuzume

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Yamaguchi clay toy 山口人形
Niigata, Agano city. Mizuhara village 新潟県阿賀野市水原

These sparrows and other clay dolls have been made for more than 160 years.

. komori 子守 holding a child .

- - - - - Other patterns are
玉乗馬 horse on a ball
鯛持ち子供 child holding a carp
天神様 Tenjin sama
sarumawashi さる廻師 monkey leader
onago sensei おなご先生 lady teacher
馬乗鎮台 soldier on a horse
熊金 Kintaro and the bear
犬子 puppy (little dog)
. hatobue tsugai 鳩笛つがい pair of pidgeon whistles .
. Sanbasoo 三番叟 Sanbaso Dancer

source : sakura.ne.jp/claydolls


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It is also the name for a way to tie your kimono belt (obi), mostly done by unmarried women.

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a pattern for various items


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a wafer named like this
ふくらすずめ 最中


From a shop in Tosu town, Saga 佐賀県鳥栖市.
This town was a roadside stop on the way from Kyoto to Nagasaki, Kyushu.
The shop Mizutaya 水田屋 makes them since almost 120 years ago. When the train line passed here first, the smoke from the train reminded the shop owner of this plump sparrow.

source : dining-express


. Monaka 最中 Wafers and Daruma .


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- source : 門司ヶ関人形工房 -

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. . . CLICK here for Photos !

. Reference .

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kigo for late winter

. WKD : fukurasuzume ふくら雀 "inflated" sparrow" .



菜畠のふくら雀もかすみ哉
nabatake no fukura suzume mo kasumi kana

the plump sparrows
in the vegetable field
are also in the mist


Kobayashi Issa


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老人とふくら雀に冬深む
roojin to fukura suzume ni fuyu fukamu

for this old man
and the plump sparrow
winter deepens


Murakoshi Kaseki 村越化石 (1922 - )
"Fossil Murakoshi", his poet name

born in Fujieda town, Shizuoka
He suffers from Hansen's disease (leprosy) since he was 16 years.

. MORE . haiku with plump sparrows .




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. Regional Folk Toys from Japan .


. Tohoku after the BIG earthquake March 11, 2011

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[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
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