. Yamagata Folk Art - 山形県 .
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Tsuruoka mingei 鶴岡民芸 folk art from Tsuruoka
Tsurugaoka 鶴が岡 - Shōnai 庄内地方 Shōnai district
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Tsuruoka City is one of the major cities in Yamagata Prefecture’s Shonai area along the coast of the Sea of Japan. In addition to bordering the Sea of Japan, the Shonai plains produce one of the best rice crops in Japan, and the Shonai area is home to the three mountains of the Dewa Sanzan, Mt. Haguro, Mt. Gassan, and Mt. Yudono. The rich natural blessings of the sea, mountains, and plains make Shonai a wonderful place for anyone to go sightseeing.
In the Edo Period (1603-1868), Tsuruoka City flourished as a town built around the castle of the powerful Tokugawa family, and schools and other buildings of historical significance from the Edo era can still be found in the center of Tsuruoka City.
There is a strong artistic tradition in Tsuruoka city as well.
You can see performances of Kurokawa Noh, a Noh theatre troupe with a history that goes back over 500 years. You can also experience Tsuruoka’s rich and unique traditional culture that dates back to the Edo Period through crafts such as silk goods and intricately painted candles. A number of delicious local dishes that make use of ingredients grown in Tsuruoka allow you to get a taste of the area’s unique cultural heritage.
The Yamagata Tourism Information Center
- source : data.yamagatakanko.com -
Matsuo Basho, Oku no Hosomichi 奥の細道
. Station 31 - Sakata 酒田 - Tsurugaoka, Tsuru-ga-oka 鶴が岡 .
. Kurokawa Noo 黒川能 Kurokawa Noh - Introduction .
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map of the Shōnai 庄内 Shonai region, Shonai District
Yamagata consists of four regions: Murayama, Oitama, Shonai, and Mogami.
Main towns in Shonai are Tsuruoka, 酒田市 Sakata, 三川町 Mikawa and 庄内町 Shonai town.
Its rice paddies extend far into the distance making it famous as one of Japan’s largest rice production areas.
- source : hiraganatimes.com -
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anesama 姉さま "elder sister" dolls
庄内姉様人形保存会
different hairstyles
. Shoonai Anesama 庄内姉様 Shōnai, from the Shonai region .
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Oboko おぼこ O-Boko, O-Hogo
. Daihooji tsuchiningyoo 大宝寺土人形 clay dolls from temple Daiho-Ji .
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. 鶴岡土人形 Tsuruoka clay dolls .
山姥と金太郎 mountain hag with Kintaro
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e-roosoku 絵蠟燭 / 絵ろうそく e-rosoku, erosoku, picture candles
First made around the year 1720 by Minagawa Juubei 皆川重兵衛 Minagawa Jubei.
酒井公 The Daimyo Lord Sakai of Shonai used to take the beautifully painted candles as offerings to Shogun Ienari 家斉 when he visited Edo.
Around 1800 there were more than twenty candle makers in the region, but now hardly any remain.
The one's with flower patterns are called
kamonshoku 花紋燭 (かもんしょく)
時の将軍に日本一と称された - 庄内の手描き絵ろうそく
- source and more photos : pref.yamagata.jp/ou/shokokanko -
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. wa roosoku 和蝋燭 Japanese candles - Introduction .
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gotenmari, goten mari 御殿まり Goten decoration ball
"Ball of the Palace" - Ornamental Ball
"The Goten ball, made of cloth and silk thread, from Yamagata Prefecture is an ornamental cloth ball made with a cotton, cloth or paper core and finished by wrapping with thread. Once made by court ladies-in-waiting, balls like these were made and sold as decorations.”
- Japanese Toys: Playing with History by Sakamoto Kazuya and Charles Pomeroy -
CLICK for many beautiful samples !
. temari 手まり、手毬 "hand ball" rag ball .
... a folk art form that originated in China and was introduced to Japan around the 7th century A.D.
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itajishi, ita shishi 板獅子 flat lion heads on a wooden board
... hirajishi 平獅子 "flat lion heads"
source : folkcraft.samurai47
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. izumeko ningyoo いづめこ人形 baby or dolls in a straw basket .
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. kawara ningyoo 瓦人形 "tile tolls" .
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Matsugaoka Glass Products / 松ヶ岡ガラス工業
山形県鶴岡市新海町6-21
producing dishes for food, flower vases, ash trays and much more
高級和洋食器、 花瓶、灰皿、時計枠など
- source : pref.yamagata.jp/ou/shokokanko -
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. Oiran ー Tsuruoka Oiran doll 鶴岡人形 - 花魁 .
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oshie, oshi-e 押し絵 pictures from raised cloth technique
Made in Tsuruoka, Sakata and other towns in the Shonai plain.
. oshi-e 押し絵 / 押絵 raised cloth picture - Introduction .
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. Oitama tsumugi 置賜紬 Oitama pongee weaving .
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Shonai-zao, Shonaizao 庄内竿 Shonai fishing rod, Shonai bamboo rod
Between 1.80 and 4.50 m long.
Now made by Tokiwa Shop in Tsuruoka トキワ釣具店
rasentsugi zao 螺旋継ぎ竿(らせんつぎざお), made first by 山内善作 Yamanouchi Zensaku.
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The fishing in rice field zone of Yonezawa Basin was important means of security of protein source, but in addition to it, I think about now, fishing mind of Samurai in Shonai district of Mogami River Basin mentioned below should be extended to the upper reaches.
Feudal lord, stipend 14,000 rice crop, Sakai Sama ruling Shonai District encouraged fishing black sea bream to his retainer Samurai as one of military arts. Sakai Sama enjoyed fishing himself too, and fishing became prosperous among Samurai. It was for catch of the day to affect honor of Samurai. Moreover, samurai elaborated the bamboo rod themselves which was equivalent to a sword. The excellent bamboo rod is named Shonai rod all became a hand of Samurai. Bamboo for the Shonai rod is Nigatake Bamboo of thick wall, native in the district. Every samurai house used to plant bamboo bush for the materials in the garden.
They dig the bamboo in winter since late fall. The reason why they dig the bamboo including root is that they use the root as one of a point of appreciation of the Shonai rod. At first, they reform a root of bamboo on the fire and dry on the shelf over the Irori hearth for four or five years and complete it.
Mr. Murakami, director of Shonai Kamo Aquarium makes Shonai rod according to an ancient rite.
- source : - marine.fks.ed.jp
. wazao 和竿 "Japanese fishing rod" - Introduction .
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takenuri shikki 竹塗漆器 bamboo items coated with laquer
Through many layers of laquer, the beauty of bamboo is enhanced.
This type of bamboo craft is not very common in Japan. It was developed by the makers of armor for the Samurai of the 庄内藩 Shonai domaine, by 阿部竹翁 Abe Chikuo. He learned the craft in Edo from 橋本市蔵 Hashimoto Ichizo
Many items have the ragged beauty of old, dry bamboo 枯れ竹, imbued with the Japanese asthetics of wabi and sabi わび さび.
To show the beauty of the chikusetsu 竹節 bamboo joints is a special treat.
Special tools are used, for example
nezumi no hige 鼠の髭 beard hair of a mouse and kujirahigebera 鯨髭べら spatula from "whale beard" baleen
鶴岡地区物産協同組合 でがんす Degansu
- source : pref.yamagata.jp/ou/shokokanko -
. take 竹 bamboo art of Japan - Introduction .
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Tsuruoka shiruku kibiso 鶴岡シルク - きびそ silk from Tsuruoka
Yamagata was the most Northern region of Japan to produce silk. The brand name is KIBISO.
Kibiso contains a water-soluble protein called sericin, so the fabric can absorb humidity.
Matsugaoka kibiso shop
- source : yamagatakanko.com -
CLICK to reach their facebook presence
山形県鶴岡市大宝寺字日本国223-5
. kinu 絹 Japanese Silk - Introduction .
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Uetsu shinafu, uetsushinafu 羽越しな布 Uetsu Shinafu bast
bast from linden bark is woven into cloth-like material
jinpi seni 靭皮繊維 bast
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In Japan, ever since the Jomon and Yayoi periods, people have made thread from fiber derived from plants and trees that grow naturally in the mountains such as Japanese linden, mulberry, elm, wisteria, kudzu, and ramie, and used this thread to weave fabric and make clothing and ornaments for private home use.
Thanks to developments in spinning technology during the Meiji period, cotton products became more common and many regions ceased producing these traditional textiles, but in this locale, it was still used for casual wear and clothing for doing agricultural work. It was also in circulation as fishing nets, filtering fabric, sheets, and storage bags. Afterwards, the development of Japan's economy and the modernization of lifestyles resulted in a sudden drop in demand, and while it barely remained in production for personal use, but since the late-Showa (1970s-80s) period, there has been an increased use of traditional crafts for regional revitalization activities as well as heightened demand for simple crafts, which has resulted in gradual expansion of production activities.
Characteristic
The bast fiber taken from the bark of the Japanese linden, Tilia maximowicziana, and Tilia noziricola grown in the mountainous region of Uetsu is made into threads, and woven into fabric.
It was used for clothing and ornaments since the Jomon and Yayoi periods, and today, the tradition continues in places like the Sekigawa region of Tsuruoka City, Yamagata, and Sampoku-machi, Iwafune-gun, Niigata. Since the raw materials are fiber from tree bark, the texture is rough, yet this rough texture possesses a characteristic stable texture, and it is made into kimono obi, as well as bags, hats, and other daily necessities.
How to make
The Japanese linden, Tilia maximowicziana, and Tilia noziricola used are deciduous trees that are all part of the Tilia family of flowering plants.
These trees grow naturally in the mountainous areas along the Japan Sea side and Tohoku region, and depending on the region, they are called by many names including mada, manta, mouda, and moada. The thread is made by spinning and twisting the fibers taken from the bast fiber of the trees, and these threads are woven on hand looms or treadle looms. Processing of the bark fiber cannot be mechanized, and must be done by hand even today.
- source : kougeihin.jp.e.oo.hp Densan -
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羽越しな布振興協議会 - - 山形県鶴岡市関川字向222 Uetsu Shina Fu
- reference : shinafu.jp -
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uma-nori Daikoku 馬乗り大黒 God Daikoku on a horse
Sakata town, Tsuruoka town
source : amanaimages.com/info
. Daikoku Ten 大黒天 Mahakara 大国 Okuninushi .
- Introduction -
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warazaiku 藁細工/ わら細工 straw craft
Initiated in 1985 by the 藁細工研究会 Association to foster Straw Craft to keep some old traditions alive.
The rice straw is taken from Sasanishiki rice, grown without chemicals.
It is bound together in many traditional ways called 綯(な)う、縒(よ)る、編む、束ねる、結ぶ.
The main articles are しめ縄、わら莚(むしろ)、雪靴、草鞋(わらじ)、バンドリ（背負い作業の背当）、ベンケイ（保存用の串刺し).
shimenawa しめ縄 New Year decoration
source : 山形県庄内地方
wara uma 藁馬 horses from straw
藁細工研究会 / 鶴岡市藤浪4-105-2
. warazaiku 藁細工 things made of straw - Introduction .
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. Shōnai 山形 - 庄内 - 伝説 Legends from Shonai .
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. Japanese Reference .
山形県ふるさと工芸品 Yamagata furusato kogeihin
- reference : pref.yamagata.jp/sangyo/shokogyo -
. gangu 玩具 伝説, omochcha おもちゃ toy, toys and legends .
- Introduction -
. minwa 民話 folktales / densetsu 伝説 Japanese Legends . .
- Introduction -
- - - #tsuruoka #tsuruokayamagata - under construction - - - - -
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. Join the MINGEI group on facebook ! .
. Regional Folk Toys from Japan .
. Japan - Shrines and Temples .
. Tohoku after the BIG earthquake March 11, 2011
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